HEAVEN - a KIGO category

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HEAVEN - - - the Complete SAIJIKI


. HEAVEN in SPRING - SAIJIKI


. HEAVEN in SUMMER - SAIJIKI


. HEAVEN in AUTUMN - SAIJIKI


. HEAVEN in WINTER - SAIJIKI


. HEAVEN in the NEW YEAR - SAIJIKI



. . . Deities of the Four Seasons　


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Most phenomenon of the category HEAVEN appear during the whole year in many variations.
I have collected some in common files, to help use them properly.


Here is an ABC-LIST for all seasons:



. . . cloud, clouds (kumo)


. . . dew (tsuyu)


. . . drought (hideri)


. . . fine weather, fine day (hare, -biyori) 　


. . . fog, mist, haze (kiri, kasumi)


. . . frost (shimo)


. . . hail and graupel, snow pellets (arare)


. . . lightning (inazuma)


. . . moon (tsuki)


. . . rain (ame)

. . . rainbow (niji)


. . . sky, heaven (sora, ten)


. . . sleet, cold drizzle (shigure)


. . . snow (yuki)


. . . star, stars (hoshi, ..boshi)


. . . sunset (yuuyake, yuuhi)


. . . thunder (kaminari)


. . . wind (kaze)




The sun and some other phenomenon are classified as

. SEASON ... a KIGO CATEGORY

. WKD Kigo Calendar - the 12 Months .


. Astronomical Saijiki .
by Shawn Lee Whitney, USA


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autumn sunset ...
patterns of my life
in the sky

Autumn Sunset at Shiraishi Island
Gabi Greve, 2008


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EARTH - a KIGO category

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EARTH - - - the Complete SAIJIKI


. EARTH in Spring ... SAIJIKI



. EARTH in Summer ... SAIJIKI 　　



. EARTH in Autumn ... SAIJIKI 　



. EARTH in Winter ... SAIJIKI 　



. EARTH in the New Year ... SAIJIKI 　　



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Most phenomenon of the category EARTH appear during the whole year in many variations.
I have collected some in common files, to help use them properly.


Here is an ABC-LIST for all seasons:


. . . beach (biichi, hama)


. . . flood (koozui) 　



. . . Fujisan, Mount Fuji 　


. . . garden (niwa), park (sono) 　


. . . ice (koori)


. . . mountain, mountains (yama) 　



. . . paddies, paddy, rice fields (ta, tanada) 　


. . . plains, wild fields (nohara)


. . . pond, lake (ike, mizuumi) 　


. . . river (kawa)


. . . sea, ocean (umi)


. . . snow (yuki)


. . . . spring of water (izumi) 　


. . . swamp (numa) 　


. . . tide (shio)


. . . water (mizu)

. . . waterfall (taki) 　



. . . .well water (idomizu, ido) 　



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. SEASON ... a KIGO CATEGORY


. HEAVEN - a KIGO category


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. SAIJIKI
the complete WKD-LIST



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Planting in Summer

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Planting and sowing in Summer

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Summer
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation


. Planting . . . KIGO in all seasons





Since there are many weeds, vegetables are often planted in holes of black plastic sheets to keep the weeds off.

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kigo for early summer


awa maki 粟蒔 (あわまき) sowing of foxtail millet
..... awa maku 粟蒔く（あわまく）sowing foxtail millet


. Foxtail millet (awa) and barn millet (hie) 　


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mame uu 豆植う (まめうう) planting beans
..... mame maku 豆蒔く（まめまく)
planting soy beans, daizu maku 大豆蒔く（だいずまく）
planting adzuki, azuki maku 小豆蒔く（あずきまく）


. Beans (mame)



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nasu uu 茄子植う (なすうう) planting eggplants
..... nasu nae ue 茄子苗植う（なすなえうう）planting eggplant seedlings
nasunae 茄子苗（なすなえ） eggplant seedlings

. Eggplant, aubergine (nasu)



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satsumaimo uu, satsuma imo uu 甘藷植う (さつまいもうう)
planting sweet potatoes
..... imo sasu 藷挿す（いもさす)
sticking sweet potato seedlings in the earth


. Sweet potatoe (satsuma imo)


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kigo for mid-summer

goma maki 胡麻蒔 (ごままき) sowing of sesame
..... goma maku 胡麻蒔く（ごままく） sowing sesame

. sesame, goma　ゴマ、ごま、胡麻 　


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hie maki 稗蒔 (ひえまき) sowing of barn millet
..... hie maku 稗蒔く（ひえまく）sowing barn millet

hiemaki uri 稗蒔売 (ひえまきうり) vendor of barn millet bonsai fields
all summer, they would walk around and sell little field imitations to make you feel cool inside, especially in expensive restaurants.

. Foxtail millet (awa) and barn millet (hie) 　



稗蒔や疲れたる眼にみどりなり
hiemaki ya tsukaretaru me ni midori nari

millet plants -
pleasant greenery for
my tired eyes

Tomiyasu Fusei (Tomiyasu Fuusei )



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kibi maki 黍蒔 (きびまき) sowing of egg millet
..... kibi maku 黍蒔く（きびまく） sowing egg millet
Panicum miliaceum

. Egg millet (kibi)

Momotaro and the Millet Dumplings (kibidango)


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wata maki 棉蒔 (わたまき) sowing of cotton
..... wata maku 棉蒔く（わたまく）sowing cotton


. Cotton (wata) 　



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kigo for mid-summer




kiku sasu 菊挿す (きくさす)
to graft chrysanthemums
..... sashigiku 挿菊（さしぎく）
kiku sashime 菊挿芽（きくさしめ） bud for grafting a chrysanthemum

To multiply chrysanthemums, you can plant a seedling (kabuwake) in spring
or graft a bud during the rainy season.

. Chrysanthemum (kiku) 　



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tsubaki sasu 椿挿す (つばきさす) to graft camellias
..... sashitsubaki 挿椿（さしつばき） grafted camellia
Planting camellias from a cut branch is best done during the rainy season.

Reference : camellia grafting

. Camellia (tsubaki) 　



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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU


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Related words

***** . Planting KIGO in all seasons 　



.SAIJIKI ... HUMANITY
Kigo for Summer 　

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Farmers work in Summer

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Farmers work in Summer

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Summer
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation


Farmers are very busy planting and sowing in summer.
Check out this list for more relevant kigo.

.SAIJIKI ... HUMANITY
Kigo for Summer 　



. Planting in summer
Millet, sesame, cotton, beans, eggplants, sweet potatoes



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kigo for early summer



kusagoe 草肥 (くさごえ) "weed fertilizer"
..... karishiki 初夏 刈敷（かりしき）
aobagoe 青葉肥（あおばごえ） green leaves as fertilizer
ryokuhi 緑肥（りょくひ）"green fertilizer"
shirojitaki 代じたき（しろじたき）
kattchiki かっちき

Weeds, especially various types of clover and green leaves were used as natural fertilizer for the fields and paddies, just before planting. Bigger plants were shredded before spreading them in the fields.

Gründünger

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shirokaki 代掻 (しろかき) light ploughing the fields
lit: "scratching the fields"
..... shiro kaku 代掻く（しろかく）light ploughing of the fields
..... ta kaku 田掻く（たかく）
..... ta no shiro kaku 田の代掻く（たのしろかく）

takaki uma 田掻馬（たかきうま）horse for light ploughing
..... shiro uma 代馬（しろうま）
takaki ushi 田掻牛（たかきうし）cow/bull for light plowing
..... shiro ushi 代牛（しろうし）

The fields and paddies were ploughed lightyl just before planting, after the fertilizer had been put into the fields.

I remember my neighbours all had a few cows for field work until the light maschinery for small farmers came into use.

Pflügen und Wässern eines Feldes


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humanity kigo for mid-summer



. natane kari 菜種刈 (なたねかり)to harvest rapeseed leaves



. taue 田植 rice planting 　
a KIGO list



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humanity kigo for late summer


mizu arasoi 水争 (みずあらそい) fighting for water
mizuron 水論（すいろん）"water discussion"
mizugenka (mizu kenka) 水喧嘩（みずげんか）
mizukataki, mizu kataki 水敵（みずかたき） "enemy of my water"
Especially in the terraced rice fields, it is important that all neighbours work together to produce a good harvest and the distribution of water is a big part of the teamwork, especially during a dry spell.

. praying for rain (amagoi)


mizuban 水番 (みずばん) "water supervisor"
..... sekimori 堰守（せきもり
yomizuban 夜水番（よみずばん）watching over the water at night
mizubangoya 水番小屋（みずばんごや）hut for the water supervisor

mizu nusumu 水盗む（みずぬすむ）stealing water
mizu nusubito 水盗人（みずぬすびと）thief of water
By changing the waterways farmers try to get more water to their own fields during a dry spell.

mizu mamoru 水守る（みずまもる） protecting the water


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Chinese character for AME 雨, Rain
by : zavomya.seesaa.net


ameyasumi, ame yasumi 雨休み (あめやすみ)
break because of rain
ame iwai 雨祝（あめいわい）celebrating the rain
kiuyasumi, ki-u yasumi 喜雨休み（きうやすみ）
amefuribon 雨降り盆 (あめふりぼん）"O-Bon because of rain"
When it finally rained after a dry spell, farmers would pause this day and thank the deities with a simple prayer ceremony.
This feels like a happy event, like the O-Bon festival, thanks to the rain.


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cutting, harvesting

. hakka karu 薄荷刈る harvesting peppermint 　



sedge and related kigo

Carex morrowii
suge karu 菅刈る (すげかる) harvesting sedge
suge kari 菅刈（すげかり）sedge harvest
suge hosu 菅干す（すげほす） drying sedge

watasuge 綿菅 (わたすげ ) "cotton sedge" cottongrass
Eriophorum vaginatum. Scheiden-Wollgras
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


. WASHOKU
suge chimaki 菅粽（すげちまき）rice wrapped in a sedge leaf
kigo for early summer


. sugegasa 菅笠 sedge hat
kigo for all summer 　



kansuge, kan suge 寒菅 (かんすげ) sedge in the cold
kigo for all winter 　


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sanaburi 早苗饗 (さなぶり) end of rice planting
tauejimai 田植仕舞（たうえじまい）
celebrating the end of the rice planting activities
「早上(さのぼり」
The farmers walk along the planted fields with a Shinto priest leading them in the thank-you-prayers, then have a feast and enjoy some funny performance.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


. mushiokuri ningyoo 虫送り人形 figure "to ward off insects"
during the sanaburi rituals

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takusatori 田草取 (たくさとり) weeding the fields
..... ta no kusatori 田の草取（たのくさとり）
ichibangusa 一番草（いちばんぐさ）first weeding
nibangusa 二番草（にばんぐさ）second weeding
sanbangusa 三番草（さんばんぐさ） third weeding
This was one of the hardest works for farmers, standing in the hot sun, bending deep down and walking below the rows of growing rice plants, pulling out each weed by hand. Sometimes they had to do it five times in one season.

kusatori 草取 (くさとり) weeding
kusa mushiri 草むしり（くさむしり）
josoo 除草（じょそう）
kusatorime, kusatori-me草取女（くさとりめ） women who does the weeding
In other places than the rice paddies.


josooki 除草機 じょそうき maschine for weeding
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


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torimochi tsuku 鳥黐搗 (とりもちつく) making birdlime

The bark of the "lime tree" , mochi no ki モチノキ（黐の木) Ilex integra, is scrapped off, soaked in water and pounded into birdlime. This is wrapped around a pole to catch birds, cicadas and other small animals.



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kigo for all summer


kusakari 草刈 くさかり catting grass for feed
mowing
干し草を作る, cutting grass for feeding the animals, Heu machen
kusa karu 草刈る（くさかる） to cut the grass

asakari 朝草刈（あさかり）mowing in the morning
kusatorime, kusatori-me 草刈女（くさかりめ）woman doing the mowing
kusatori warawa 草刈童（くさかりわらわ）child doing the mowing

kusatoribue 草刈笛（くさかりぶえ）whistling while mowing
(sometimes to communicate with the others farther away)
kusatori uma 草刈馬（くさかりうま）horse used for cutting grass
kusatori kago 草刈籠（くさかりかご）basket for cut grass
kusatorigama 草刈鎌（くさかりがま）sickle for cutting grass

kusakariki 草刈機（くさかりき）maschine for cutting grass
Nowadays a handheld device to cut the small paths around the fields and larger parts of a garden or vegetable field.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

kusakairgoromo 草刈衣（くさかりごろも）clothes for mowing
kusakaribune 草刈舟（くさかりぶね）boat for cutting weeds


hoshikusa 干草 (ほしくさ) hay, Heu
..... hoshikusa 乾草（ほしくさ）
kusa hosu 草干す（くさほす）to dry the hay
kariboshi 刈干（かりぼし）"cutting and drying"


aogari 青刈 (あおがり) "cuttng greens" The fresh green grass was especially used as a feed for the horses and cows.

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shibakari 芝刈 (しばかり) mowing the lawn
shibakariki 芝刈機（しばかりき） lawn mower

LAWN kigo in all seasons


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Worldwide use

Mongolia


Haystack is bigger than haycock. Herders cut the grass and make haycocks first. After dried haycocks, they make haystacks.

leaves of haycock
hang from the lady's hairs -
lunchtime finished

- Shared by Nadala Purevdorj -
Haiku Culture Magazine, 2013


. WKD : MONGOLIA SAIJIKI .

Haystack
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Things found on the way



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HAIKU

代馬は大きく津軽富士小さし
shirouma wa ookiku Tsugaru Fuji chiisashi

the ploughing horses
are so big, Tsugaru Fuji
is so small

Takahama Kyoshi



A haiku stone is at the shrine Saruga Jinja 猿賀神社 in Aomori, Hirakawa village. Kyoshi visited here in 1939. The stone memorial was erected in 1962.

Tsugaru Fuji is the local name for mount Iwaki San 岩木山.


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早苗饗や髪撫でつけし日焼妻
sanaburi ya kami nadetsukeshi hiyakezuma

rice planting is over ...
my sunburnt wife
combs her hair

Takano Sujuu (Takano Suju)
高野素十 (1893 - 1976)



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Related words

***** Farmers Work in All Seasons
and
more farm work done in summer

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Wind in summer

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Wind in summer

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Summer
***** Category: Heaven

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Explanation


Please read the basics about WIND here:
. Wind in various kigo (kaze)




There are many regional winds along the shore of Japan, whith different names.


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summer wind （natsukaze 夏風）

south wind (nanpuu, minami 南風 hae はえ)
..... White southern wind（shirahae) 白南風 (しらはえ)
hae gochi, haegochi 南東風（はえごち）south-east wind
hae nishi, haenishi 南西風（はえにし）south-west wind

cool breeze, refreshing breeze （ryoofuu, suzukaze 涼風)
late summer, see below
fragrant breeze, balmy breeze, scented breeze (kunpuu　薫風、kaze kaoru　風薫)
this is best not translated as, for example, scented WIND.

breeze on green rice paddies (aota kaze 青田風)
The breeze that wafts across the field is called aota kaze (青田風[あおたかぜ]); the wave of paddy created by the wind is aota nami (青田波 [あおたなみ]); the time is aota doki (青田時[あおたどき]); and the path that cuts across the field is aota michi (青田道[あおたみち]).

breeze of a waterfall (takikaze 滝風)

wind on young leaves (wakabakaze 若葉風)

summer storm, "Green Tempest" (natsu arashi 夏嵐,ao-arashi 青嵐)
seiran 青嵐（せいらん） "green storm"


thunderstorm, "thunder and rain" (raiu, rai-u　雷雨)
The etymology is traced to the native Japanese word "the roar of the gods" (神鳴 [かみなり] kaminari). The Chinese character "god"（神 [かみ] kami）signified both thunder and thunder god.

Gods of Wind and Thunder 風神雷神



koojakufuu 黄雀風 (こうじゃくふう) "yellow sparrow wind"
south-easterly wind in the fifth lunar month
When this wind blows,the fish in the deep sea turn to little sparrows, as Chinese legend tells us.
Südostwindim fünften Mond-Monat



maji まじ humid southern wind
..... maze まぜ
Especially at the Izu peninsula and the Inland sea and other regions along the Pacific.
..... kudari くだり "coming down" southern wind along the Sea of Japan and Northern Japan
In former times, the region of things coming down from Kyoto was called "kudari".
Wind in the opposite direction is "nobori".


hikata ひかた
"wind blowing in the direction of the sun"
.....shikata しかた
An expression used mostly in San-In, Western Japan and Kyushu.



ai no kaze, ainokaze あいの風 (あいのかぜ)
"northern wind"
..... ae no kaze あえの風（あえのかぜ）
An expression used mostly along the Sea of Japan and San-In, Western Japan, when the wind hits the coast directly.



dashi だし summer wind in the Echigo area
nanuka dashi 七日だし（なぬかだし）dashi blowing for seven days
dashigumo だし雲（だしぐも） clouds predicting a dashi
This wind comes over the sea and blows over the mountains of Echigo, it is also experienced inland in the farming villages. Wehn the small white clouds come inland over the mountains, it is bound to blow soon.



yamase やませ "wind from the back of the mountain"
..... yamase kaze 山瀬風（やませかぜ）/山背風（やませかぜ）
Cold northern wind, mostly in Hokkaido and Northern Japan, blowing down a mountain. From June till August, related to summer weather patterns in the Sea of Okhotsk.


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kigo for early summer


kinome nagashi 木の芽流し (きのめながし)
"wet southern wind on the tree buds"
takenoko nagashi　竹の子ながし　"wet southern wind on the bamboo shoots"
takenokozuyu 筍梅雨（たけのこづゆ）rainy season on the bamboo shoots
..... takenokozuyu 筍黴雨（たけのこづゆ）



tsubana nagashi 茅花流し (つばなながし)
wet southern wind on the red reed grass
Imperata cylindrica



mugi no aki kaze 麦の秋風 (むぎのあきかぜ )
wind on the barley fields
mugi arashi 麦嵐（むぎあらし） storm on the barley fields

.
"barley autumn", mugi no aki 麦の秋 (むぎのあき) 　



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kigo for mid-summer

inasa いなさ south-easterly wind in the Kanto plains
Usually a very strong wind, almost storm, that needs percautions to be taken like in a typhoon. It is feared by the fishermen along the coast. Because of its direction, it is also called after the heavenly directions "tatsumi" (辰巳 ).
inasamaze, inasamono, inagochi are other names.



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kurohae, kuro-hae 黒南風 (くろはえ)
"black southern wind"
..... kurobae くろばえ
arahae, ara-hae 荒南風（あらはえ）"wild southern wind"
HAE is an expression for a southernly wind, since the southern direction used to be called HAE in some areas of Japan.
When this southern wind starts to blow, the rainy season is about to start. In the middle of the rainy season, this wind gets stronger, to a "wild" wind.




Basho Statue at river Sumidagawa, Tokyo


黒南風や大河に臨む芭蕉像
kuro-hae ya taiga ni nozomu Bashoo zoo

black southern wind -
the statue of Basho faces
the big river

Suda Shuichi 須田修一


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kigo for late summer


nagi 凪
is an expression for a time without any wind, a calm, a lull.

asanagi 朝凪 (あさなぎ) calm in the morning
..... asa nagu 朝凪ぐ（あさなぐ）

yuunagi 夕凪 ゆうなぎ calm in the evening
yuunagu 夕凪ぐ（ゆうなぐ）



夕凪や島の民話の皆哀し 　
yuunagi ya shima no minwa no mina kanashi

calm in the evening -
the folktales of this island
are all so sad

Mitsuda Mariko 密田真理子


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shirohae, shiro-hae 白南風 (しろはえ)
"white southern wind"
..... shirobae しろばえ、shirahae しらはえ
When the rainy season has finally moved past the most northern parts of Japan, the sky begins to clear and the dry wind brings white clouds. Its naming is in contrast with the overdast days of the "black southern wind".
It is amazing to see the fine observances of the wind in olden times, from BLACK to WILD to WHITE.





白南風や乾びきつたる捕鯨基地　
shira-hae ya karabikitaru hokeikichi　　

white southern wind -
the whalefisher's basecamp
is dying out

Kasahara Satoshi 笠原さとし

There were many basecamps during the fishing season.


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nagashi ながし "floating weat wind"
nagashihae, nagashi-hae ながし南風（ながしはえ）
Another expression for the wind during the rainy season, especially in Kyushu (where is is used as a synonym for the "rainy season".



doyooai, doyoo ai 土用あい (どようあい)
wind during the dog days
A cool northern wind during the hottest time of summer.
This is an expression of the fishermen from the Kinki and Western Japan, when the cool wind, reminding them of autumn already, hits the coast directly.

doyoo gochi 土用東風 (どようごち) eastern wind during the dog days
aogochi, ao-gochi 青東風（あおごち） "green eastern wind"

doyoo nagi 土用凪 (どようなぎ ) lull, calm during the dog days
no wind at all, Windstille, Flaute

. Dog Days (doyoo) 　



neppuu 熱風 (ねっぷう) hot wind
enpuu 炎風（えんぷう）"flaming hot wind"
kanpuu 乾風（かんぷう）dry wind
A hot dry wind, blowing on the side of the Sea of Japan, almost like a foehn フェーン , which usually blows in ＞　spring.


onpuu 温風 (おんぷう) warm wind
shippuu 湿風（しっぷう） wet wind
Usually wet, resulting from weather patterns on the Southern Pacific ocean.


ryoofuu 涼風 （りょうふう）
cool breeze, refreshing breeze
..... suzukaze 涼風
kaze suzushii 風涼し（かぜすずし） wind feels cool

Even the slightest breeze is welcome during the hot, humid summer in Japan.


.................................................................................



wind is dying, kaze shisu 風死す
when the wind is dying down in the early afternoon on a hot summer day and you feel the heat especially hot.


風暴れやがて風死す漁村かな
kaze abare yagate kaze shisu ya gyoson kana

stormy wind
changing to dying wind -
a fishing village

http://www.nhk.or.jp/haiku/html/haiku15-6-14.htm


風死すや能登塩田の筋目引く
kaze shisu ya Noto enden no sujime hiku

wind dying down -
drawing straight lines in
the salt fields of Noto

www.acc-n.com/haikutaikai3.htm

Tr. Gabi Greve
The Salt Fields of Japan



:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


.. .. .. wind in other summer kigo

airing out （kaze-ire 風入)


. ventilator, electrical fan （senpuuki 扇風機)


Wind Chimes (fuurin 風鈴）

Canterbury bells, lit. Wind Chime Flowers (fuurinsoo　風鈴草)
Campanula medium


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


*****************************
Worldwide use


Monsoon
..(India, South Asia)
is also connected with the seasonal changes of the wind.


.................................................................................


Germany
Sommerwind


.................................................................................


South Africa

"Cape Doctor" (usually The Cape Doctor or "die Kaapse dokter" in Afrikaans) is the local name for the strong, persistent and dry south-easterly wind that blows on the South African coast from spring to late summer (September to March in the southern hemisphere).
It is known as the Cape Doctor because it has long been held to clear Cape Town of pollution and 'pestilence'.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !




*****************************
Things found on the way


*****************************
HAIKU




natsu . . . . . kaze


*****************************
Related words

BACK TO
WIND in various seasons

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Nuts and fruits of trees (konomi)

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Nuts and fruits of trees (konomi)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Various in Autumn
***** Category: Plant

*****************************
Explanation

In autumn we have a lot of kigo using the expression

(name of tree) no mi

This MI 実 can be a fruit as in many fruit trees like apples and pears, an acorn, a nut, a seed or seedpot or any other form.

These fruits and acorns have a long list of their own, see below.
If in doubt, I translate the NO MI as "fruit".
Please help to find the correct word for your region.

If you do not find your tree, check here too :


. Trees / kigo in all seasons 　
Also trees with special green leaves (wakaba) in spring kigo.


. Berries as Kigo 　


. Also check the ABC index of the WKD. 　


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kigo for late autumn

konomi, ko no mi 木の実 (このみ)
"fruit from the tree", berry, nut, seed, acorn ...
(NOT spelled : kinomi, ki no mi in haiku)


konomidoki 木の実時（このみどき) time for fruit to fall

konomi otsu 木の実落つ nuts, berries fall down
..... konomi furu 木の実降る（このみふる）
..... konomi shigure 木の実の時雨（このみのしぐれ)
..... konomi no ame 木の実の雨（このみのあめ）"rain of falling fruit"

konomi hirou 木の実拾う gather nuts, berries



konomigoma 木の実独楽 top made from a nut



:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

kigo for late autumn

donguri 団栗 (どんぐり) acorn (from an oak tree)
..... kunugi no mi 櫟の実（くぬぎのみ）acorns from the Kunugi-oak tree
dongurigoma 、団栗独楽（どんぐりごま）top made from an acorn
donguri mochi 団栗餅（どんぐりもち） rice cake with acorns
Eichel



- - - - - Kobayashi Issa　小林一茶 - - - - -

団栗と転げくらする小猫哉
donguri to koroge-kurasuru koneko kana

the kitten
rolls around all day
with an acorn


This hokku is from the latter part of the 8th intercalary month (leap month; October) in 1824, about a month after Issa was divorced by his second wife after a marriage of just over two months. See Issa's Collected Works 4:500. At the beginning of this intercalary 8th month Issa had a slight stroke, and in the weeks that followed he stayed with several of his students.

The hokku is a revision of an earlier hokku written in the 9th month (October) of 1821:

donguri to hanetsu-kurasuru koneko kana

the kitten
spends the day pouncing
on an acorn


Tr. and comment by Chris Drake


.................................................................................



bodai no mi 菩提の実（ぼだいのみ）linden fruit
..... bodaiju no mi 菩提樹の実（ぼだいじゅのみ）
..... bodaishi 菩提子 (ぼだいし)
Tilia miqueliana. Lindenbaum
Ficus religiosa. Pepulbaum, Bo-Baum. Buddha-Tree




. enoki no mi 榎の実 (えのきのみ) Chinese hackberry .
..... e no mi 榎の実（えのみ）, nettle tree berries
Celtis sinensis var. japonica. chinesischer Zürgelbaum



ginnan 銀杏 (ぎんなん) gingko nut
ichoo no mi 銀杏の実（いちょうのみ）
Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgobaum



hashibami no mi 榛の実 (はしばみのみ) hazelnut


haze no mi 櫨の実 (はぜのみ)nuts of the Japanese wax tree
..... haji no mi はじの実（はじのみ


hoo no mi 朴の実 (ほおのみ) nuts from the magnolia hypoleuca


ichi-i no mi 一位の実 red fruit of the yew tree


.................................................................................


. kashi no mi 樫の実 (かしのみ)acorn, from the evergree oak 　
..... 橿の実（かしのみ）
. . . . . and
kunugi no mi 櫟の実（くぬぎのみ）Kunugi-oak acorn
nara no mi なら (楢 ) の実　Nara-oak acorn
..... hahaso no mi 柞の実（ははそのみ）
shii no mi 椎の実 (しいのみ) Shii-oak acorns


.................................................................................



kaya no mi 榧の実 (かやのみ) torreya nuts
..... shin kaya 新榧子（しんかや）
Their oil is used for frying tempura.
Torreya nucifera. japanische Nusseibe


.................................................................................


. kiri no mi 桐の実 (きりのみ) paulownia nut
family Paulowniaceae

aburagiri no mi 油桐の実 (あぶらぎりのみ)nut of the Aleurites cordata
..... toyu no mi 桐油の実（とゆのみ）
Aleurites cordata. Tungbaum

iigiri no mi 飯桐の実 (いいぎりのみ ) nut of the Iigiri
Idesia polycarpa
..... nantengiri 南天桐（なんてんぎり）

tobera no mi 海桐の実 (とべらのみ) nut of the
Pittosporum tobira

.................................................................................


kusagi no mi 臭木の実 (くさぎのみ)
fruit of Clerodendron trichotomun
..... kusagi no mi 常山木の実（くさぎのみ）



masaki no mi 柾の実 (まさきのみ) spindle tree fruit
Euonymus japonicus. Spindelbaum



mayumi no mi 檀の実 まゆみのみ Euonymus hamiltonianus fruit
..... mayumi no mi 真弓の実（まゆみのみ）
..... yamanishikigi 山錦木（やまにしきぎ）"mountain brocade tree"
Euonymus sieboldianus. japanischer Spindelbaum



mochi no mi 黐の実 (もちのみ) ilex fruit
mochi no ki no mi もちの木の実（もちのきのみ）
toosei 冬青（とうせい）"winter green"
Quercus ilex. Steineiche



muku no mi 椋の実 (むくのみ) nuts from Aphananthe aspera


mukuroji no mi 無患樹の実（むくろじのみ） Mukuroji fruit. soap nut
..... mukuroji 無患子 (むくろじ)
Sapindus mukurossi. japanischer Seifennussbaum

. Hagoita 羽子板　Battledore, Shuttlecock .
mukuroji berries were used to fix the feathers.




murasaki shikibu no mi 紫式部の実（むらさきしきぶのみ）
berries of Callicarpa japonica
murasaki shiksibu 紫式部 (むらさきしきぶ)
mimurasaki 実紫（みむらさき）
koshikibu 小式部（こしきぶ）small shikibu
shiroshikibu, shiro shikibu 白式部（しろしきぶ） white shikibu
Callicarpa japonica. Schönfrucht, Liebesperlenstrauch




nemu no mi 合歓の実 (ねむのみ) silk tree fruit
Albizia julibrissin. Albizzie



ouchi no mi 楝の実 (おうちのみ) chinaberry
..... sendan no mi 栴檀の実（せんだんのみ）
Melia azedarach. Einsiedlerbaum



.................................................................................


oriibu no mi オリーブの実 (おりーぶのみ) olives (fruit)
(oriibu no hana オリーブの花 (おりーぶのはな) olive flowers/blossoms
is a kigo for mid-summer .)

. WASHOKU
オリーブ Olive products from Shodoshima 小豆島


.................................................................................



saikachi no mi 皀角子の実（さいかちのみ）fruit of Saikachi
saikachi 皀角子 / 皀萊 (さいかち)
saikashi さいかし、
keiseishi 鶏栖子（けいせいし）
kawarafuji no ki かわらふじのき
Gleditsia japonica Miq. japanische Gleditschie




sugi no mi 杉の実 (すぎのみ) nuts from the cedar
..... sugideppo 杉鉄砲（すぎでっぽう）"cedar cannon"


tochi no mi 橡の実 (とちのみ) horse chestnuts
..... 栃の実（とちのみ）


usurhi no mi 漆の実 (うるしのみ) fruit of the laquer tree


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



mountain ash (nanakamado ななかまど)
..... nanakamado 七竈（ななかまど）、野槐（ななかまど）
nanakamado no mi ななかまどの実（ななかまどのみ）
kigo for late autumn
Sorbus commixta
The fruit are bright red berries.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
Eberesche


*****************************
Worldwide use


North America

Carya Fruits (hickory nuts)
Hickory fruits consist of hard-shelled nuts, surrounded by a woody husk. The husk varies among species as to how easily it splits and whether the sutures are winged along part or all of their length.



The nuts are edible, although they vary in size and taste. Carya illinoinensis (pecan) and C. laciniosa (kingnut) are the largest and taste the best, whereas C. cordiformis (bitternut hickory) and C. glabra (pignut hickory) taste bad.
source : www.cas.vanderbilt.edu


the rattle sound
from a hickory nut's roll --
empty mailbox

Chibi (pen-name for Dennis M. Holmes)
2006


meditation -
a hickory nut
hits the skylight

Maria Tadd
The Heron's Nest


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Yemen

Olive fruit
kigo for autumn


Olive trees represent important strategic income in countries like Spain, Jordan, Syria, Palestine and Lebanon. Yemen can depend on olives to replace the qat tree which consumes a large quantity of water and causes several diseases.
Ashami confirmed that olive trees have been planted among qat trees in Shibam Kawkaban and that families have realized economic success and increasing income by growing the plant.
source : www.yementimes.com


Kawkaban's new fruit…
Do you know how to pickle?
goats chewing olives

Heike Gewi
August 2010


*****************************
Things found on the way

Buna no mi ぶなのみ (欅／椈　の実）beechnut
Kuri 栗 　くり　Chestnut, sweet chestnut
Kurumi くるみ　(胡桃) walnuts
Tochi とち (橡／栃／杼) horse chestnut

. . Food from the Bountiful Woods
(Mori no Megumi) 　 　


*****************************
HAIKU

poketto no konomi kutsukutsu warai au

acorns in my pocket:
they chuckle
at each other

Yagi Miyoshi
source : www.haiku-hia.com


*****************************
Related words

If you did not find your tree, check here too :


. Trees / kigo in all seasons . 　


. Berries as Kigo . 　



***** AUTUMN . . . PLANTS - SAIJIKI


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::　

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::　

School life in all seasons

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

School life in all seasons

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Various, see below
***** Category: Humanity

*****************************
Explanation

School life is an important part in the daily life of the kids and their parents.

Here are some related kigo to school and holidays that come with it.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


kigo for mid-spring

nyuugaku shiken 入学試験 にゅうがくしけん
entrance examinations
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
juken 受験（じゅけん）prepare the entrance exam
jukenshi 受験子（じゅけんし）child preparing for the entrance exam
..... jukensei 受験生（じゅけんせい）student preparing for the entrance exam

jukenki 受験期（じゅけんき）examination season

jukenka 受験禍（じゅけんか）hard times (during exam perparations)
..... jukenku 受験苦（じゅけんく）


gookaku 合格（ごうかく）pass an examination
..... kyuudai 及第（きゅうだい）

daishiken 大試験 (だいしけん) spring examination
(necessary to advance into the next school level)
..... gakunen shiken 学年試験（がくねんしけん）
..... shinkyuu shiken 進級試験（しんきゅうしけん）

sotsugyoo shiken 卒業試験（そつぎょうしけん）graduation examination

rakudai 落第 (らくだい) repeating the same grade

sotsugyoo 卒業 (そつぎょう) graduation
..... sotsugyooshiki 卒業式（そつぎょうしき）graduation ceremony
sotsugyoosei 卒業生（そつぎょうせい）graduating student
sotsugyooki 卒業期（そつぎょうき）season for graduation
sotsugyooka 卒業歌（そつぎょうか）song for graduation
sotsugyoosho 卒業証書（そつぎょうしょうしょ）certificate of graduation
Each student is handed it in a ceremony with many tears, since it oftem means parting with the friends and starting a new school.
Girls often wear a traditional hakama skirt and kimono.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


haruyasumi 春休 (はるやすみ) spring holidays

nendo gawari 年度替り（ねんどがわり）change of the school year

shinkyuu 進級 (しんきゅう) passing to the next grade/level




nyuugaku 入学 (にゅうがく) enter a school
be admitted ot a school or university
nyuugaku shiki 入学式（にゅうがくしき）entrance ceremony
..... nyuugakuji 入学児（にゅうがくじ）child who starts school
shinnyuusei 新入生（しんにゅうせい）first grader
..... ichinensei 一年生（いちねんせい）
This is usually a happy ceremony with everybody expectant for the new things to come.



nyuuen 入園（にゅうえん）starting kindergarten

shinkyooshi 新教師（しんきょうし）new teacher


.................................................................................


not a kigo but very popular in Japan


Juken fuuzu　受験フーズ　 Juken Food for the Examination Hell


a lot has auspicious meanings via a pun or image




and we have




Gookaku Daruma <> 合格だるま
Examination Passing Helper Daruma (Gokaku Daruma)

Daruma is almost identical with passing the examination.

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FOOD ART FROM JAPAN
randoseru ランドセル schoolchild's satchel
((strapped to the back))
(from the German word Ranzen)

- Shared by Hayato Tokugawa
Joys of Japan, 2012

Every child gets one, usually from the grandparents,for the first day of school.
Mostly in black and red leather.




:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


kigo for late summer

. Summer holidays 夏休み (なつやすみ) natsu yasumi


kaki kooshuukai 夏期講習会 (かきこうしゅうかい)
extra lessons in the summer season
Lehrgang im Sommer
kaki daigaku 夏期大学（かきだいがく） summer university


rinkan gakkoo 林間学校 (りんかんがっこう)
camping school, open-air school
Summer camp.
Usually in the cool woods of a mountain forest
Sommerschule im Wald
rinkan gakusha 林間学舎（りんかんがくしゃ）
quarters for the summer camp
rinkan gakuen 林間学園（りんかんがくえん）
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


rinkaigakkoo 臨海学校（りんかいがっこう）
"school at the seaside"
Here children learn also to swim and catch fish.
Sommerschule am Meer
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::


. School life in Autumn



. Winter holidays 冬休み (ふゆやすみ) fuyu yasumi 　




*****************************
Worldwide use

Mongolia



summer and autumn
making friends in children’s laughs
school new year

- Shared by Zaya Nergui -
Joys of Japan, 2012



Education in Mongolia
As in many post-socialist countries, Mongolia's school system, previously based on the ten-year school, has been shifting towards eleven years of education. The official school entrance age has been lowered to six starting 2008. Compulsory education is eight years.
Each school year begins on September 1st.

Schools in sum centers usually have boarding schools for pupils from the countryside. Many of these sum schools only go to the eighth grade, pupils who want to complete the secondary school then have to attend schools in the aimag centers.

In Ulaanbaatar and cities like Erdenet there are private schools, though of mixed quality. Ulaanbaatar also has some foreign-language themed public schools, for example for Russian, Chinese, Turkish, English, and German.

In Ulaanbaatar, there are several private secondary schools that have instruction in English and Mongolian, and just a few that have English-only instruction.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


*****************************
Things found on the way


*****************************
HAIKU




ピカピカの一年生の笑顔かな
pikapika no ichinensei no egao kana

the shining face
of this firstgrader ...
pika pika

Gabi Greve, 2010

Firstgraders with their new uniform, hat and ransel are a pleasure to encounter anywhere.
The common expression for this joy is PIKAPIKA.


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::



*****************************
Related words

***** Exams, school exams Kenya

***** Graduation (sotsugyoo, Japan)

***** Night school (yogaku, yogakkoo) Japan

***** Schoolyear begins Worldwide

***** Start of School Year, School Year starts(Kenya)



. HUMANITY KIGO
for all seasons


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Seeds in spring

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Seeds in Spring

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Spring, Summer see below
***** Category: Humanity

*****************************
Explanation


Spring is a time for planting new crops, flowers and trees.

Here are kigo related to these activities.



. Rice fields and paddies
during all seasons 　


. Activities in Spring 　


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Kigo for early spring



:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Kigo for mid-spring


naedoko 苗床 (なえどこ) bed for seedlings
Saatbeet
tanedoko 種床（たねどこ）、byooho 苗圃（びょうほ）
onshoo 温床（おんしょう）warm bed (for seedlings)
fureemu フレーム frame
reishoo 冷床（れいしょう）cold bed(for seedlings)
tane shooji 苗障子（なえしょうじ）sliding doors
(above the bed for seedlings)
The beds for the rice plants are especially important. But other plants are also kept in small warmed beds for early planting.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



naefuda 苗札 (なえふだ) plate to identify the seedlings


naegi 苗木市 (なえぎいち) market for tree saplings
naegi uri 苗木売（なえぎうり）vendor of tree saplings



tana-i 種井 たない well for the seeds
..... tana ido 種井戸（たないど）
..... tana ike 種池（たないけ）pond for the seeds
..... tane oke 種桶（たねおけ）bucket for the seeds
Many seeds are watered for a while before sown in the fields or in the garden.


tana-ike sarai 種池浚い (たないけさらい)
cleaning the pond for the seeds
tanaike barai 種池ばらい（たないけばらい）、
tana-i barai 種井ばらい（たないばらい）cleaning the well
tana-i gae 種井替（たないがえ）changing (the water) in the well

. Pond, well and related KIGO




tanemono 種物 (たねもの) (all kinds of) seeds
..... monodane 物種（ものだね）
花種（はなたね） seeds of flowers
taneuri, tane uri 種売（たねうり）vendor of seeds
tanebukuro 種袋（たねぶくろ）package with seeds
tanemonoya 種物屋（たねものや）store selling seeds



tane erabi 種選 (たねえらび) selecting seeds
tane yori 種選（たねより）



ueki ichi 植木市 (うえきいち)
market for potted plants and trees
These markets are quite popular in rural areas and often held during the spring festivals of temples and shrines.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Kigo for late spring

tane kagashi 種案山子 (たねかがし)
scarecrow in the bed for seedlings



tane hitashi 種浸し (たねひたし) watering the seeds
tane tsuke 種浸け（たねつけ）
tanekashi 種かし（たねかし）、tanefute 種ふて、tane fuseru 種ふせる（たねふせる）
momi tsukeru 籾つける（もみつける）watering unhulled rice grains
tanedoki 種時（たねどき）
tanedawara 種俵（たねだわら）
sujidawara すじ俵（すじだわら）



rice seedlings in a wet bed

My home in Ohaga, Okayama prefecture
. . . CLICK here for Photos of the rice fields in spring !


.................................................................................




tanemaki 種蒔 (たねまき / 種蒔き) sowing seeds
..... tane oroshi 種おろし（たねおろし）
sujimaki すじ蒔（すじまき）
tanemakizakura 種蒔桜（たねまきざくら）
wild cherry blossom tree for sowing
(indicating with its blossoms that it is time to sow and plant. See the chapter about rice planting)
tanemaki okko 種蒔おっこ（たねまきおっこ）
momi maku 籾蒔く（もみまく）sowing unhulled rice
momi orosu 籾おろす（もみおろす）
yudane maku 斎種まく（ゆだねまく）sowing consecrates seeds
(that have been taken to a shrine or temple before and consecrated for a good harvest)


. tanemaki 種蒔 SOWING vegetables and flowers
KIGO LIST 　


Sowing can be done by hand or with small maschines. Some are sown into plastic sheets with a hole for some seeds at a certain distance between the plants to grow.


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Kigo for early summer




naeuri, nae-uri 苗売 (なえうり / 苗売り)
vendor of seedlings (of vegetables and flowers)
naeichi, nae-ichi 苗市（なえいち） market for vegetable seedlings
Many vegetables are sold as small plants for private gardens and fields.
During the Edo period, this was a small income for farmers living close to the cities. Mostly cucumbers, eggplants, taro and sweetpotatoes or flowers like morning glory were sold.



寺の門出て苗売に逢へりけり
tera no mon dete nae-uri e aeri keri

out of the temple gate
I go to meet
the seedling vendor


Kubota Mantaro 久保田万太郎


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. nashi nae 茄子苗 (なすなえ) eggplant seedlings 　



.SAIJIKI ... HUMANITY
Kigo for Summer 　


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Worldwide use



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Things found on the way



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HAIKU


お城から見るや種蒔く三十里
o-shiro kara miru ya tanemaku sanjuu ri

from the castle
I see them sowing seeds -
for 30 ri

Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規

one RI is about 4 km.
Here Shiki is taling about the castle of Matsuyama and the surrounding fertile plains.

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規
and Matsuyama City 松山


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Related words

***** Spring (haru) . . . the season


***** Check the WKD LIST of
. HUMANITY and All Spring Kigo


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