Illness in all seasons

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Common Cold (kaze)

***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: All winter, others see below
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation



common cold, kaze 風邪 (かぜ)
fuuja ふうじゃ、kanboo 感冒（かんぼう）
"feeling of running" ryuukan 流感（りゅうかん）

feeling a cold, kaze ge 風邪気（かざけ）
..... kaze gokochi 風邪心地（かぜごこち）
voice with a cold, hoarse, nasal voice, kazegoe
風邪声（かざごえ）
"nose cold", hanakaze鼻風邪（はなかぜ）

cold medicine, kazegusuri 風邪薬（かぜぐすり）


god of the cold, kaze no kami 風邪の神（かぜのかみ）
god of coughing, sekigamisama 咳神様


© PHOTO :　yumi , sekigamisama



Here is another private shrine in the garden of the Ikeda Jirokichi Family. They pray for healing when someone gets a cold and offer a rice scoop (shamoji　しゃもじ) when he gets better and pray for the wellbeing of the family. This shrine is also called "Rice scoop deity", O-Shamoji sama, オシャモジ様.


池田次郎吉
© PHOTO : Hayabuchi

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seki 咳 (せき) cough, coughing
... shiwabuki しわぶき( 咳き)

kusame 嚔 (くさめ) sneezing
... kushami くしゃみ、kussame くっさめ
hanahiri 鼻ひり（はなひり）nose feels like sneezing

mizubana 水洟 みずばな running nose, sniveling
... hanamizu 三冬 洟水（はなみず）
mizuppana みずっぱな


yuzame 湯ざめ (ゆざめ) feeling cold after a hot bath


infuruenza インフルエンザ influenza


秋来ぬと合点させたるくさめかな
aki kinu to gatten sasetaru kusame kana
(1768)

autumn has come
I am convinced now
by this sneeze . . .

The cut marker KANA is at the end of line 3.



はしたなき女嬬のくさめや時鳥
hashitanaki nyoju no kusame ya hototogisu

the vulgar sneezing
of a junior court lady -
hototogisu


. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .



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Acute viral nasopharyngitis, or acute coryza, usually known as the common cold, is a highly contagious, viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory system, primarily caused by picornaviruses or coronaviruses.

Common symptoms are sore throat, runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing and cough; sometimes accompanied by 'pink eye', muscle aches, fatigue, malaise, headaches, muscle weakness, and/or loss of appetite. Fever and extreme exhaustion are more usual in influenza. The symptoms of a cold usually resolve after about one week, but can last up to 14 days.

Symptoms may be more severe in infants and young children. Although the disease is generally mild and self-limiting, patients with common colds often seek professional medical help, use over-the-counter drugs, and may miss school or work days. The annual cumulative societal cost of the common cold in developed countries is considerable in terms of money spent on remedies, and hours of work lost.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


けさ秋や瘧の落ちたやうな空
kesa aki ya okori no ochita yoo na sora

first autumn morning--
a fever-curing
kind of sky

Kobayashi Issa

Shinji Ogawa believes that ochita ("dropped") means, in this context, "cured." On the first morning of autumn, Issa sees a fever-curing kind of sky. The editors of Issa zenshu^ note that okori is the mosquito-borne disease of malaria (Nagano: Shinano Mainichi Shimbunsha, 1976-79) 4.62, which supports Shinji's interpretation: the chilly autumn weather will put an end to summer's disease-spreading mosquitoes. French translator Jean Cholley notes that after Issa's fever broke, he had a dream in which he saw his dead daughter Sato; 245-46, note 124.
Tr. and Comment : David Lanoue 　


okori 瘧 the ague, intermittent fever, the shakes

okori ga ochiru 瘧が落ちる
to wake from a fever-induced delirium



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HAIKU

a long winter day;
my wife interrupts herself,
sneezing now and then

Larry Bole, February 2008


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くさめして百羽の鳩を翔たしむる
kusameshite hyappa no hato o katashimuru

I sneeze and
one hundred doves
fly up in the air

Sakaino Noriko 境野 典子
Tr. Gabi Greve


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くさめして鬼に見つかるかくれんぼ
kusame shite oni ni mitsukaru kakurenbo

I have to sneeze
and get caught ...
playing hide and seek

Yura Yumi 涌羅由美, 2005
Tr. Gabi Greve


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swine flu season in Kenya 2009


my brother
struggling to breathe --
swine flu
~ Harrison Mwangangi



cold afternoon --
the rhythm of sneezing
in our classroom
~ Jedidah Nduku



a sneezing student
wipes mucus with her hand --
quiet exam room
~ Stephen Macharia


sneezing aloud --
mucus drips into
my handkerchief
~ Elkana Mogaka


stinking handkerchief --
a student's nostril flooded
with mucus
~ Stephen Nzomo


chilly morning --
mucus flowing from
my sore nose
~ Kilunda


aromatic liniment --
my aunt dabs at her
swollen tonsils
~ Beryl Achieng


my grandmother
with a soaked handkerchief --
peeling nostrils
~ Vivian Adhiambo


my mother washing
a slippery handkerchief --
sniffs from a running nose
~ Erick Mwange


a drop of mucus
on my exam papers --
cold morning
~ Patrick Wafula

Selection of the Shiku Monthly Kukai
by members of the Kenya Saijiki Forum


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Related words

Illness and disease as kigo in Spring

haru no kaze 春の風邪 (はるのかぜ) common cold in spring
gangasa iyu 雁瘡癒ゆ (がんがさいゆ) "goose ekzema" itching
dry skin itching

mashin 麻疹 (ましん) measles. Masern
..... kashin はしか


late spring

shutoo 種痘 しゅとう smallpox
..... ueboosoo 植疱瘡（うえぼうそう）


. Daruma, Smallpox and the color Red


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humanity kigo for all summer


natsu no kaze 夏の風邪 なつのかぜ cold in summer
..... natsukaze 夏風邪（なつかぜ） summer cold


shokiatari, shoki-atari 暑気中り (しょきあたり) heat stroke
..... shokimake 暑さ負け（あつさまけ）
atsusa atari 暑さあたり（あつさあたり）
Hitzschlag

mizuatari 水中り (みずあたり) diarrhoea from bad water

natsuyase 夏痩 (なつやせ) loosing weight in summer
...... natsumake 夏負け（なつまけ）

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. asemo 汗疹 (あせも) prickly heat, heat rush 　
..... aseba あせぼ、asemo 汗疣（あせも）
natsuboshi 夏沸瘡 (なつぼし) severe case of prickley heat
..... natsubushi 夏ぶし（なつぶし）
..... natsumushi 夏むし（なつむし）




kakke 脚気 (かっけ) beriberi
vitamin B1 deficiency



marariya マラリヤ malaria
..... okori 瘧 (おこり)
..... gyaku 瘧（ぎゃく）

World Malaria Day - April 25
source : www.worldmalariaday.org




mizumushi 水虫 (みずむし) athlete's foot

a very common, contagious ailment, almost in all seasons, through the use of common slippers in public areas and the use of public baths and hot springs
Fußpilz



tsutsugamushibyoo 恙虫病 (つつがむしびょう) scrub typhus
Japanese river fever
tsutsugamushi is a harvest mite, chigger, fam. Trombiculidae
It is seen as a legendary animal to cause disease in summer in the Edo period illustrations 絵本百物語.
Flussfieber


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kigo for late summer

nisshabyoo 日射病 (にっしゃびょう) sunstroke
..... etsubyoo 暍病（えつびょう）
Sonnenstich


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korera コレラ cholera
..... 虎列剌（これら）
..... korori ころり
korerasen コレラ船（これらせん） cholera boat
(to isolate the patients)


kakuran 霍乱 "cholera of the Edo period"
a kind of food poisoning
also translated as "sunstroke"


sekiri 赤痢 (せきり) dysentery
..... ekiri 疫痢（えきり） hayate 颶風病（はやて）
Durchfall


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kigo for all autumn

gangasa 雁瘡 (がんがさ) "goose ekzema"
gansoo 雁瘡（がんそう）, kangasa 雁来瘡（がんがさ）


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***** Medical Kigo, seasonal affections and disorders 　SAD, the FLU ...

***** Medicine Day (kusuri no hi)Japan. Medicine-related kigo. Chinese Medicine.


***** Illness, disease and Hospital Stay
Topic


***** Yakushi Nyorai 薬師如来、Buddha of Medicine

***** ..... The Gods of Japan and Haiku (kami to hotoke)
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Barley, Wheat

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Barley, wheat (mugi)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: various, see below
***** Category: Plant

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Explanation

There are various words corresponding to MUGI.

wheat, "small mugi" komugi, 小麦
Triticum aestivum

barley, "large mugi", oomugi,　大麦
Hordeum vulgare
..... "naked mugi", hadaka mugi 裸麦　

oats, "crow mugi", karasumugi 烏麦(からすむぎ)　
Avena fatua
..... enbaku 　燕麦(えんばく)　

Job's tears; tear grass , "dove mugi", hatomugi
鳩麦(はとむぎ)
Coix lacryma-jobi

for more details see below



Let us look at some kigo.




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. . . . . SPRING

early spring

treading on barley/wheat fields, mugifumi 麦踏　(むぎふみ)
mugi o fumu 麦を踏む（むぎをふむ）



all spring

green barley/wheat, aomugi 青麦 (あおむぎ)
..... mugi aomu 麦青む（むぎあおむ）


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. . . . . SUMMER


The time when barley/wheat is ripe for the harvest is called "autumn", in reference to the time when rice is ripe for harvest.

early summer

mugi 麦 (むぎ) Mugi
homugi 穂麦（ほむぎ）ears of Mugi
..... mugi no ho 麦の穂（むぎのほ）

karasumugi 烏麦（からすむぎ）oats
..... ootomugi オート麦（おーとむぎ）
..... suzume mugi 雀麦（すずめむぎ）"sparrow oats"
chahikigusa 茶挽草（ちゃひきぐさ）


komugi 小麦（こむぎ）wheat

oomugi 大麦（おおむぎ）barley
..... "naked mugi", hadaka mugi 裸麦　
..... "skin mugi", kawamugi 皮麦（かわむぎ）

raimugi らいむぎ rye, Gerste
..... kuromugi 黒麦（くろむぎ）"black mugi"
Secale cereale

mugibatake 麦畑（むぎばたけ）mugi field
mugi u 麦生（むぎう）planted mugi

mugi no nami 麦の波（むぎのなみ）waves of mugi

yasemugi 痩麦（やせむぎ）thin, weakly mugi

wasemugi, wase mugi 早麦（わせむぎ） early mugi

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mugi no kuroho 麦の黒穂 (むぎのくろほ) black ears of mugi
from illness
..... kuroho 黒穂（くろほ） "black (grain) ears"

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"barley autumn", mugi no aki 麦の秋 (むぎのあき)
mugiaki 麦秋（むぎあき) bakushuu 麦秋（ばくしゅう）


"autumn wind on the barley/wheat fields" , mugi no akikaze
..... 麦の秋風 (むぎのあきかぜ)
storm on the barley/wheat, mugi arashi 麦嵐（むぎあらし）


rice with barley/wheat, mugimeshi 麦飯 (むぎめし)
plain barley/wheat cooked , sumugi すむぎ


harvesting barley/wheat 麦刈 ( むぎかり)
migi karu 麦刈る（むぎかる）
car transporting barley/wheat, mugiguruma 麦車（むぎぐるま）



threashing barley/wheat, mugikoki 麦扱 (むぎこき)
threashing maschine, mugikoki ki 麦扱機（むぎこきき）




threashing barley/wheat, mugi uchi 麦打 (むぎうち)
..... mugi tataki 麦叩（むぎたたき）, mugi tsuki 麦つき（むぎつき）
..... mugi kachi 麦搗（むぎかち）

pole for threashing, mugi no karasao
麦の殻竿（むぎのからさお）
dust from threashing, mugi bokori 麦埃（むぎぼこり）
burning barley/wheat, mugiyaki 麦焼き（むぎやき）


barley/wheat straw, mugiwara 麦藁 (むぎわら)
..... mugiwara 麦稈（むぎわら）


new barley/wheat, shinmugi 新麦 (しんむぎ )
barley/wheat of this year, kotoshi mugi 今年麦（ことしむぎ）


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all summer



barley/wheat tea, mugiyu 麦湯 (むぎゆ)
mugicha 麦茶（むぎちゃ), mugicha hiayashi 麦茶冷し（むぎちゃひやし）
..... mugiyu hiyashi 麦湯冷し（むぎゆひやし）


"barley drink", beer, mugishu 麦酒（びーる）


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. . . . . AUTUMN

early autumn

hatomugi 鳩麦 (はとむぎ) Job's tears; tear grass,
..... hatomugi 川殻（はとむぎ）"dove mugi"
..... senkoku せんこく
juzudama 数珠玉 (じゅずだま) "rosary beads"
..... zuzuko ずずこ、toomugi 唐麦（とうむぎ）"Chinese wheat"
(sometimes placed in late autumn)


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. . . . . EARLY WINTER

mugi maki 麦蒔 (むぎまき) sowing wheat


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The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
distinguishes between these groups of MUGI

- - - yonbaku 四麦（よんばく） your types of mugi
komugi コムギ
oomugi オオムギの3変種 with three sub-groups
kawamugi カワムギ 皮麦、
hadaka mugi ハダカムギ
biiru mugi ビールムギ）

- - - sanbaku 三麦 three types of mugi
komugi コムギ
rokujoo oomugi 六条オオムギ
kawamugi カワムギ
hadakamugi ハダカムギ）

©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


The word komugi referes to the older spelling
ko mugi 古麦 "old mugi" or
komugi 粉麦 "mugo flour"

Since the Heian period,
komugi 小麦 was made into flour for noodles and
oomugi 大麦 was used as a grain like rice.

Since the Edo period, the word MUGI is usually used for oomugi 大麦 - barley.

小麦の日本での事情
source :　www2.odn.ne.jp/shokuzai


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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


the bride tosses
wheat grains over her shoulders –
sparrows flutter

Wheat grains or rice considered a symbol of prosperity and fertility.
The ritual of throwing wheat or rice signifies that the bride is paying back whatever parents have given her. In addition, it is as a gesture of wishing prosperity for the family she leaves behind.
This ritual is common among Hindus as well as Sikhs..

- Shared by Sandip Sital Chauhan -
Joys of Japan, September 2012






Why is rice thrown at weddings?
Since early Roman times some grain - usually wheat - has been associated with the wedding ceremony.
source : trivia/explain


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hatomugi Daruma tea
and dokudami Daruma tea

どくだみ・はとむぎ ダルマ


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HAIKU

甲斐の山中に立ち寄りて
Staying at a lodging in Yamanaka, Kaii province

行く駒の麦に慰む宿り哉
ゆく駒の麥になぐさむやどり哉
yuku koma no mugi ni nagusamu yadori kana
行駒の麦に慰むやどり哉
iku koma no mugi ni nagusamu yadori kana

The horse carrying me
Enjoys eating the ears of
Barley while resting!
Tr. Oseko

This hokku has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3. Written in 1685.

Kaii was famous for its black horses.
The kigo is "mugi no aki" 麦秋.

my brave horse
solaced with munching barley
from the lodging . . .
Tr. Gabi Greve

It is not too cold and not too warm to travel in the fourth lunar month. The horse is happy and Basho is looking forward to meet old friends soon. For now he is content watching his horse munching the barley and resting for the night somewhere "in the mountains" (yamanaka).

Basho is maybe close to Tsurushi town 都留市.
Or he is somewhere close to Lake Yamanaka 山中湖.

When is home in Edo had burned down in 1682, he had taken refuge for a while with a friend in Kaii and written two hokku about the famous horses.

馬ぼくぼく我を絵に見る夏野哉
馬ぼくぼく我を絵に見る心かな
uma hokuhoku ware o e ni miru natsu-no kana
uma bokuboku ware o e ni miru natsu no kana

I find myself in a picture
The cob ambles slowly
Across the summer moor.
Tr. Joan Giroux,

. WKD : Onomatopoetic words .


At Kaii, during
. Nozarashi Kiko 野ざらし紀行 .


. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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麦秋や本の秋より寒い雨
mugi aki ya hon no aki yori samui ame

autumn of the barley -
the rain is colder than
in real autumn



麦の葉は春のさま也なく千鳥
mugi no ha wa haru no sama nari naku chidori

the leaves of wheat
look just like spring -
plovers singing


Kobayashi Issa
Tr. Gabi Greve



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Related words

***** Paddy, Fields, rice paddies (ta, hatake) Japan


***** Buckwheat (soba)


. PLANTS IN SUMMER - SAIJIKI

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Buds of trees (konome)

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Buds of trees (ko no me, konome)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: All spring and see below
***** Category: Plant

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Explanation

Tree buds, who would not think of spring immediately. And in Japan, a lot of the sprouts end up on the dinner table and are eaten as tempura or in miso soup.

Some buds are early, some later in spring. Their beauty and vitality has been the theme of poetry since olden times. Their colors range from light greet to pink or even red.




tree buds, buds of trees, ko no me 木の芽 (このめ)

buds from special trees with names, nanoki no me
名木の芽（なのきのめ)
(like maples etc. see below)

..... ki no me きのめ、medachi 芽立（めだち）
..... kigi no me　木々の芽 buds of many trees
mebuku 芽吹く（めぶく）budding, buds coming out
budds are swelling, ko no me haru 木の芽張る（このめはる）

rain on the tree buds, konome ame
木の芽雨（このめあめ）
mountain with budding trees, konome yama
木の芽山（このめやま）

fence of budding trees, konome gaki
木の芽垣（このめがき）



sprout, tiller, shoot, bud, hikobae 蘖 (ひこばえ)
..... hikobayu ひこばゆ , yago　やご
late spring
Coming out of cut-down trees or from the side of the stem or branches, they show great vitality and life energy.



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mulberry tree buds, kuwa no me 桑の芽（くわのめ）


buds of the willow, yanagi no me 柳の芽 (やなぎのめ)
..... me yanagi 芽柳（めやなぎ）,
budding willow trees, mebari yanagi 芽ばり柳（めばりやなぎ）


mountain pepper buds, sanshoo no me
山椒の芽 (さんしょうのめ)
Also pronounced as "ki no mi" 木の実.


maple buds, kaede no me 楓の芽 (かえでのめ )


buds of the Chinese matrimony vine, kuko no me
枸杞の芽（くこのめ）
picking buds of the kuko vine, kuko tsumu 枸杞摘む（くこつむ）

They are used for Chinese medicine (kampo), so are the little red fruit later in the year.



tara no me, buds of the angelica tree
楤の芽 (たらのめ)
..... tara no me 多羅の芽（たらのめ）, udo modoki うどもどき、udome うどめ、tarame たらめ、
picking tara buds, tara tsumu 楤摘む（たらつむ）
They are a delicacy prepared as tempura ! and have the taste of spring. In my area, many people pick the wild ones in the afternoon to have them real fresh for their dinner.


devil's walking stick (tree), Japanese angelica tree
(Aralia elata), tara no ki たらの木 (たらのき, タラノキ)


and one more TARA kigo

tara no hana 楤の花 (たらのはな) aralia flowers
kigo for early autumn


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.............................. Category SEASON

time for the tree buds, ko no me doki, konomedoki
木の芽時 (このめどき)
..... medachi doki 芽立時（めだちどき）

before the budding, medachi mae 芽立前（めだちまえ）

wind on the tree buds, konome kaze 木の芽風（このめかぜ）

spring wind on tree buds, konome harukaze　木の芽春風
spring rain on tree buds, konomi haruzame 木の芽春雨

fine weather on tree buds, konome bare 木の芽晴（このめばれ）




© Photo by Gabi Greve, 2007


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kigo for early autumn

aki no me 秋の芽 (あきのめ) sprouts, buds in autumn
..... akime 秋芽


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kigo for all winter

fuyume 冬芽 (ふゆめ) buds in winter
..... tooga 冬芽（とうが）
fuyuki no me 冬木の芽（ふゆきのめ）buds of winter trees


. . . . .

kigo for mid-winter

toojime 冬至芽 (とうじめ) buds at the winter solstice

. kiku no toojime 菊の冬至芽（きくのとうじめ）
chrysanthemum budding at the winter solstice



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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU

朝夕に 雫のふとる 木の芽哉
asayuu ni shizuku no futoru konome kana

morning and evening
the dew swells
on the buds

Chiyo-ni (1703-1775)
Tr. Patricia Donegan & Yoshie Ishibashi





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一雫こぼして延びる木の芽かな
hito shizuku koboshite nobiru konome kana

one drop falls
and it swells -
this tree bud

有井諸九 . Arai Shokyuu （1714～1781）
Tr. Gabi Greve

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Some Haiku by Issa

木々おのおの名乗り出たる木の芽哉
kigi ono-ono nanori idetaru ko no me kana

every tree
with its calling card...
spring buds



木々もめを開らくやみだの本願寺
kigi mo me o hiraku ya mida no honganji

the tree buds, too
open up...
Amida's Hongan Temple

. Honganji 本願寺 Hongan-Ji, Hongwanji . Kyoto



深山木の芽出しもあへず喰れけり
miyama-gi no me dashi mo aezu kuware keri

deep mountain trees--
soon as buds appear
they're eaten



茨の芽も皆々人に喰れけり
bara no me mo mina-mina hito ni kuware keri

even wild rose buds--
all eaten
by people

Tr. David Lanoue


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木々の芽や新宅の庭とゝのはず
kigi no me ya shintaku no niwa totonowazu

The buds come out on the trees,
But the garden of the new house
Is not yet natural.

Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規
Tr. Blyth

Blyth's comment:

Thoreau says, of Wealland [s/b Welland] Canal:
"In the lapse of ages, Nature will recover and indemnify herself, and gradually plant fit shrubs and flowers along its borders....Thus all works pass directly out of the hands of the architect into the hands of Nature, to be perfected."

But what is interesting in Shiki's verse is the fact that it is the buds of the trees that bring out in reverse, the newness of the garden.



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Related words

BUDS of other plants



peony buds, botan no me 牡丹の芽 (ぼたんのめ)
early spring
These plants are rather indifferent toward the cold.


rose buds, bara no me 薔薇の芽 (ばらのめ)
early spring
The rose buds are a bit later than the peonies, usually in March. Some start in tints of pink, others rather green, some are round, some rather oblongated, others quite sharp. You can feel the power of life in these small buds.

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blue spring sky -
the sound of a bud
ready to burst








rosebuds in snow -
the softness of his hand
on my shoulder




© Photos and Haiku by Gabi Greve, 2007


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. WASHOKU
Buds of trees as food and KIGO for spring 　　



***** . PLANTS in all seasons - SAIJIKI



***** Young leaves (wakaba, Japan)


Photo © Gabi Greve


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