Season of winter ... SAIJIKI START

[ . BACK to WINTER SAIJIKI ... TOP . ]
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The Season of Winter

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Winter
***** Category: Season


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Explanation

In the category SEASON, we have to consider the problems with the Asian lunar calendar and the changes to our modern times with respect to the names of months.
A lot of these expressions remind of the Chinese lore and legends of old.

In a worldwide context, we have to consider the differences of the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, see below.


. The Asian Lunar Calendar . . Reference

spring begins, February 4, risshun 立春
summer begins, May 6, rikka　立夏
autumn begins, August 8, risshuu　立秋
winter begins, November 7, rittoo　立冬

Early winter: 7 Nov – 6 Dec
Mid-winter: 7 Dec – 4 Jan
Late winter: 5 Jan – 3 Feb


. Names of old Japanese months
and the 24 solar sections ( nijuyon sekki　二十四節気 )
and the 72 seasonal points ( shichijuuni koo 七十二候 )

Winter is also a time when, according to the lunar calendar, the year comes to an end.
The 12th lunar month was the last of the old year, time for preparations of the the New Year.


WINTER, wintertime

fuyu 冬 (ふゆ) winter


gentoo 玄冬（げんとう）"winter emperor"
..... gentei 玄帝（げんてい）、genmei 玄冥 (げんめい）、tootei 冬帝（とうてい）、kokutei 黒帝（こくてい）"black emperor"
according the the theory of five elements of China
Read more about this interesting aspect of
. WKD : Deities of the Four Seasons
Tootei 冬帝（とうてい）Winter Emperor
and
Utsutahime, Utsuta-Hime 宇津田姫 /打つ田姫（うつたひめ）




santoo 三冬（さんとう）"three winter divisions"
three months of winter

kyuutoo 九冬（きゅうとう） "nine winter divisions"
the 90 days of winter
(according to the lunar calendar)


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Some kigo about WINTER have their main entry in a different season and when mentioned in spring, this has to be added explicitly

xxx in winter

Please check the entries carefully!


. WINTER
the complete SAIJIKI


. WINTER KIGO LIST
Category SEASON


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Kigo for early winter

. kannazuki 神無月 かんなづき "month without gods"
kamisarizuki 神去月（かみさりづき）"gods are gone" (to meet in Izumo)
kamiarizuki 神在月（かみありづき）month with gods (in Izumo area)

shigurezuki 時雨月（しぐれづき）month with sleet
hatsushimozuki 初霜月（はつしもづき）month with first frost


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Kigo for mid-winter

december (juunigatsu 十二月 )

. "frost month", shimotsuki 霜月 (しもつき) 　
eleventh lunar month
and more names for this lunar month

tairo 大呂 (たいろ) old name for the 12th month



. "end of year month", shiwasu 師走 (しわす) 　
twelfth lunar month


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sekki 節季 ( せっき) end of the (winter) season
sekki jimai 節季仕舞（せっきじまい）
oosekki 大節季（おおせっき）

This referred to the end of winter in haiku (and should now be toward end of February), but according to custom, it also refers to the activities at the end of the year, especially for merchants closing the books. This is also done just before the O-Bon holidays in the old seventh lunar month, which was called
bon sekki 盆節季 end of (summer) season at O-Bon



. toshi no kure 年の暮 (としのくれ) end of the year



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Kigo for late winter


. ichigatsu 一月 january


the first lunar month is
. Mutsuki 睦月 (むつき) - Sociable Month 　



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Here we deal with the lunar calendar, when
the new year is identical with the "new spring".


nennai risshun 年内立春 (ねんないりっしゅん)
"spring within this year"
fuyu no haru 冬の春（ふゆのはる）"spring in winter"

toshi no haru 年の春（としのはる）
toshi no uchi no haru 年の内の春（としのうちのはる）
jojitsu risshun 除日立春（じょじつりっしゅん）
"spring on the last day of the year"





. NEW YEAR
the complete SAIJIKI 　


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Kigo for all winter


banshikichoo 盤渉調 (ばんしきちょう) Banshikicho
The 10th of the six choo tones of gagaku music.
sixth of winter tones.
It derives from the tones of classical musik (gagaku 雅楽), which was introduced from Tang China.
It was first used in a chapter of the Genji Monogatari of the "month without gods" (kannazuki, now november) and has stayed on as a kigo for winter.


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fuyu no hi 冬の日 (ふゆのひ) sun in winter
..... fuyubi 冬日（ふゆひ） winter sun
fuyu hinata 冬日向（ふゆひなた）sunny place in winter
fuyu hikage 冬日影（ふゆひかげ）shadow in winter


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sankan shion 三寒四温 (さんかんしおん)
three times cold, four times warm
..... sankan 三寒（さんかん）、shion 四温（しおん）
shionbiori, shion biyori 四温日和（しおんびより） fine day of shion
A common winter weather pattern mostly in China and Korea, also sometimes in Japan. Has been introduced as kigo to Japan with the imigrants of Manchuria.


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sayuru 冴ゆる (さゆる) clear and cold
..... sae 冴え（さえ）clearness; clarity　
This clearness and brightness is always combined with the feeling of cold in winter.
The normal verb-form is saeru さえる【冴える／冱える】 .
It makes us feel happy and bright about the cold.

tsuki 月冴ゆる （つきさゆる）cold and clear moon
brigh clear winter moon

hoshi sayuru 星冴ゆる（ほしさゆる）cold and clear stars
kaze sayuru 風冴ゆる（かぜさゆる）cold and clear wind
shimo sayuru 霜冴ゆる（しもさゆる）cold and clear frost

hi sayuru 灯冴ゆる（ひさゆる）clear and cold lamp light
kage sayuru 影冴ゆる（かげさゆる）clear and cold shadow

koe sayuru 声冴ゆる（こえさゆる）cold an clear voice
It reverberates in a cold winter forest or over a field.

kane sayuru 鐘冴ゆる（かねさゆる）
cold and clear (sound of a) temple bell
Especially cold on the last night of the year, ringing in the New Year.



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Worldwide use

Northern and Southern Hemisphere

If there is not specific mention, a calendar reference kigo refers to the Northern Hemisphere as its place of origin, since haiku and the saijiki concept originates in Japan.
For the Southern Hemisphere, add six months.
For a calendar reference kigo originating in the Southern Hemisphere, add six months to get to its Northern counterpart.

. WKD : calendar reference kigo



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Things found on the way



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HAIKU




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Related words

***** Winter (fuyu) . . . the heavens



. WINTER KIGO LIST
Category SEASON



. SPRING
the complete SAIJIKI


. SUMMER
the complete SAIJIKI


. AUTUMN
the complete SAIJIKI


. WINTER
the complete SAIJIKI


. NEW YEAR
the complete SAIJIKI 　



. WKD ... ALL SAIJIKI ... LIST



. zud dzud (зуд) snowy winter .
Mongolia


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BACKUP of the YAHOO LIST


000 ..... WINTER ... The Complete Saijiki November, December, January http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010_11_01_archive.html
worldkigo
001 . . . . . WINTER ... the SEASON . . . . . INTRODUCTION http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
Deity of Winter : Utsutahime, Utsuta-Hime one deity of the four seasons http://darumamuseumgallery.blogspot.com/2010/03/saho-hime-tatsuta-hime.html
worldkigo
WINTER (fuyu) a KIGO list http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/11/winter-fuyu.html
worldkigo
banshikichoo (tonal mode of winter gagaku music) http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
chicken mating for the first time niwatori hajimete tsurumu. more CHICKEN kigo http://washokufood.blogspot.com/2008/07/jidori-local-chicken.html
worldkigo
clear and cold (sayuru) This clearness and brightness is always combined with the feeling of cold in winter. http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010_11_01_archive.html
worldkigo
cold feeling (tsumetashi, sokobie) cold things in winter, suffering in the cold (kanku) . a KIGO list http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/03/cold-wave-kanpa.html
worldkigo
cold is extreme (genkan) cold hard to bear (kan kibishi) . a KIGO list http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/03/cold-wave-kanpa.html
worldkigo
daikan (big cold) sixth solar section http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/03/cold-wave-kanpa.html
worldkigo
day getting shorter (tanjitsu) http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/12/long-day-nagaki-hi.html
worldkigo
daytime feels a little longer (hiashi nobu) toward the end of January http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/noon-daytime-hiru.html
worldkigo
december (juunigatsu) and more old names for this month http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/04/december.html
worldkigo
doyoo period of the cold season kan doyoo http://wkdsaijikieuropa.blogspot.com/2007/09/names-of-months.html
worldkigo
dusk comes early (kure hayashi) daytime iln haiku http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/noon-daytime-hiru.html
worldkigo
dusk in winter (fuyu no kure) http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/evening-yuube-yoi.html
worldkigo
end of the (winter) season (sekki) sekki jimai, oosekki http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
end of the year (toshi no kure) a . long . KIGO list http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/seasons-ending.html
worldkigo
end of the year feelings (toshi oshimu, sekinen) http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/12/last-day-of-year-oomisoka.html
worldkigo
first frost month (hatsushimozuki) november http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
first plum blossom month ume hatsu zuki http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/04/december.html
worldkigo
freezing (itsuru, kooru, shimu, ite) a . long . KIGO list. freezing moon, freezing wind ... http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/06/freezing-itsuru.html
worldkigo
frost night (shimoyo) http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/night-yoru.html
worldkigo
general winter (fuyu shoogun) Vaeterchen Frost http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/11/winter-fuyu.html
worldkigo
indian summer (koharu) gossamer, Altweibersommer http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/09/indian-summer-koharubi.html
worldkigo
january (ichigatsu) http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/10/january.html
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kagura month (kagurazuki), now november more KAGURA kigo http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/11/kagura-dance.html
worldkigo
kannazuki (Gods are absent month) tenth lunar month, now november http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
last day of the year (oomisoka) and more acitvities on this day http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/12/last-day-of-year-oomisoka.html
worldkigo
last night of the year (toshi no yo) joya http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/seasons-ending.html
worldkigo
late winter (bantoo) kitoo . more WINTER kigo http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/11/winter-fuyu.html
worldkigo
magpie making a nest for the first time kasasagi hajimete su kuu. more MAGPIE kigo http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2008/01/birds-of-autumn.html
worldkigo
mid-winter (chuutoo). fuyu sanaka old name for November http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/02/november-juuichigatsu.html
worldkigo
moon is cold and bright (tsuki sayuru) http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/01/moon-and-his-links.html
worldkigo
morning in winter (fuyu no asa) daybreak, sunrise, cold sunrise http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/morning-asa.html
worldkigo
night in winter (fuyu no yo) midnight in winter (yowa no fuyu) http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/night-yoru.html
worldkigo
november (juuichigatsu) http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/02/november-juuichigatsu.html
worldkigo
rock in the cold (kangan), river in the cold (kankoo) moon in the cold (kangetsu) http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/03/cold-wave-kanpa.html
worldkigo
setsubun (seasonal divide) now february 3, more SETSUBUN kigo http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/07/setsubun-festival-february-3.html
worldkigo
shokan (small cold) fifth solar section http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2005/03/cold-wave-kanpa.html
worldkigo
shoosetsu (first snow) second solar section http://wkdsaijikieuropa.blogspot.com/2007/09/names-of-months.html
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sky at indian summer time (koharuzora) more SKY kigo http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/sky-sora-ten.html
worldkigo
sleet month (shigurezuki) http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
snow waiting month (yuki machi zuki yukimachizuki http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/04/december.html
worldkigo
solstice, winter solstice (tooji) sakutan tooji (morning of novebmer 1) http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/11/winter-solstice-tooji.html
worldkigo
spring within this year (nannai risshun) "spring in winter" fuyu no haru (old lunar calendar) http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
stars are cold and bright (hoshi sayuru) stars are clear in a cold night http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/stars-hoshi.html
worldkigo
sun in winter (fuyu no hi) fuyubi http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
tairo (old name for the 12th lunar month) second of the winter tones http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2005/04/december.html
worldkigo
taisetsu (big snow) third solar section http://wkdsaijikieuropa.blogspot.com/2007/09/names-of-months.html
worldkigo
three times cold, four times warm sankan shion http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010/03/season-of-winter-saijiki-start.html
worldkigo
waiting for spring (haru o matsu) taishun http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/seasons-ending.html
worldkigo
warm winter (dantoo) a KIGO list http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/11/winter-fuyu.html
worldkigo
water freezes for the first time (mizu hajimete kooru) first point of ritto http://wkdsaijikieuropa.blogspot.com/2007/09/names-of-months.html
worldkigo
wevening in winter (fuyu no yuubu) kanboo, cold evening http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/evening-yuube-yoi.html
worldkigo
wind is clear and cold (kaze sayuru) http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2006/11/wind-in-various-kigo-kaze.html
worldkigo
winter begins (fuyu no hajime) a KIGO list .ritto .winter is thin ... http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/seasons-beginning.html
worldkigo
winter deepenes (fuyu fukashi) mid-winter (mafuyu) http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/11/winter-fuyu.html
worldkigo
winter is coming to an end (fuyu owaru) a KIGO list http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/seasons-ending.html
worldkigo
winter is thin (fuyu asashi) just beginning http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2007/09/seasons-beginning.html
worldkigo
winter of this morning (kesa no fuyu) http://worldkigo2005.blogspot.com/2010/03/morning-asa.html
worldkigo
withering (of plants) in winter (fuyuzare) fuyu sare, fuyu zaruru http://worldkigodatabase.blogspot.com/2006/11/winter-fuyu.html
worldkigo
zzz ... WINTER ... the complete SAIJIKI http://wkdkigodatabase03.blogspot.com/2010_11_01_archive.html


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