Ship, boat (fune)

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Ships, boats (fune)

***** Location: Japan, worldwide
***** Season: Various, see below
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

The word SHIP just like that (fune 船）is not a kigo in Japan.
But since there are many fishing activities along the coast of Japan, there are some kigo connected with it.
Rowboats and yachts are enjoyed in summer.

For more details about each kigo, check the Alphabetical Index of the .　World Kigo Database .


. Fishing in all seasons 　


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. . . . . SPRING


ship for catching sawara, sawarabune 鰆船（さわらぶね）
spanish mackerel fishing boat



. asaribune 浅蜊舟（あさりぶね）boat to catch littlenec clams
shijimibune 蜆舟（しじみぶね）for corbicula clams





. sayoribune 鱵舟（さよりぶね）boat for catching snipe 　



kigo for late spring

booto reesu ボートレース (ぼーとれーす ) boat race
..... kyoosoo 競漕（きょうそう）
kyoosookai 競漕会（きょうそうかい）boat race meeting
regatta レガッタ Regatta
ohanami reesu お花見レース（おはなみれーす）
race during the cherry blossom viewing season



. boat for catching spanish mackerel
sawarabune 鰆船（さわらぶね） 　



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. . . . . SUMMER



cruising boat, enjoying boat life, funa asobi
船遊 (ふなあそび)
excursion boat, yuusen 遊船（ゆうせん）
..... asobi bune 遊び船（あそびぶね）
..... yuusan bune 遊山船（ゆさんぶね）
This refers mostly to the wooden boats of the Edo period.



booto ボート boat, rowboat
kashibooto 貸ボート（かしぼーと） boat for rent (rowboat)
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
Ruderboot

skaaru スカール scull Scullboat
..... skaru スカル
Skullboot


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yotto ヨット sailboat, dinghy, yacht
kaisootei 快走艇（かいそうてい）yacht
yotto reesu ヨットレース yacht race
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

港出てヨット淋しくなりにゆく
minato dete yotto samishiku narini yuku

out from the harbor
a yacht departs
to become lonely
Tr. Fay Aoyagi

Gotoo Hinao 後藤比奈夫 Goto Hinao

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fish preserve in a ship, funa ikesu
船生洲（ふないけす）
..... ikesu bune 生簀船（いけすぶね） , 船の生け簀
meals on a ship, funaryoori 船料理 (ふなりょうり)

WASHOKU
Food served on board (funaryoori)



. suzumibune 納涼舟（すずみぶね）
boat to enjoy a cool evening breeze





. ikanagobune いかなご舟（いかなごぶね）boat for fishing sand lace 　



. sababune 鯖舟（さばぶね）boat for fishing mackerels 　


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. makomo - wild rice .


floater to harvest wild KOMO rice, komo kari bune
菰刈船（こもかりぶね）
boat for harvesting wild rice, makomo bune 真菰舟（まこもぶね）
Zizania latifolia, Z. cauducifolia.
vegetable wild rice, fewflower wildrice
water rice, water oats : Zizania aquatica in North America
The plant grows in water and has thick stems. It has been eaten in China and then came to Japan.
KOMO 薦 means a straw mat and seat cushions, woven from this plant.


and more
humanity kigo for late summer

makomo karu 真菰刈る (まこもかる)harvesting makomo rice
makomo kari 真菰刈（まこもかり）makomo rice harvest


水深く利(とき)鎌鳴らす真菰刈
mizu fukaku toki kama narasu makomo kari

deep in the water
the sound of sickles cutting
water rice / water oats

Yosa Buson 蕪村 (1716-1783)


. . . . .


plant kigo for late spring

wakakomo 若菰 (わかこも) young komo
kojun 菰筍（こじゅん）
komozuno 菰角（こもづの）- 莢白（こもづの）
kosai 菰菜（こさい）

makomo no me 真菰の芽 (まこものめ) buds of makomo
makomo ou 真菰生う（まこもおう）
katsumi no me かつみの芽（かつみのめ)
mebaru katsumi 芽張るかつみ（めばるかつみ）

. . . . .

observance kigo for early autumn

. makomo uri 真菰売（まこもうり）vendor of makomo .
(straw to make horse decorations for O-Bon)

observance kigo for mid-autumn

. makomo no uma 真菰の馬 (まこものうま) horse from Makomo .
Tanabata uma 七夕馬 horse for Tanabata

. . . . .


plant kigo for mid-autumn

makomo no hana 真菰の花 (まこものはな) flower of wild rice
..... komo no hana 菰の花（こものはな）
..... hana makomo 花真菰（はなまこも）
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


plant kigo for all winter

kare makomo 枯真菰 (かれまこも) withered wild rice
..... makomo karu 真菰枯る（まこもかる）wild rice withered

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. makomo uma まこも馬 wild rice straw horse .
folk toy from Ibaraki


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boat for harvesting MO water weeds, mo kari bune
藻刈船（もかりぶね） . 藻刈り船


and more
humanity kigo for late summer

mokari, mo kari 藻刈 (もかり) harvesting waterweeds
mo karu 藻刈る（もかる）waterweeds harvest 刈藻（かりも）
mokarizao 藻刈棹（もかりざお）pole for harvesting waterweeds
mokarigama 藻刈鎌（もかりがま）sickle for harvesting waterweeds
karimo kuzu 刈藻屑（かりもくず）


. WKD : Seaweed (kaisoo 海草) 　


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ship for fishing katsuo bonito,
katsuo bune 鰹船（かつおぶね）





fencing ships, kakoi bune 囲い船 (かこいぶね)
..... fune kakou 船囲う（ふねかこう）
..... fune kakoi 船囲い（ふねかこい）
Some ships fence of a peace of sea for fishing



ship for evacuating cholera patients in the Edo period
korera sen コレラ船（これらせん）




Funamushi 船虫 (ふなむし, 舟虫) sea slater


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obeservance kigo for mid-summer


. Dragon Boat Race (Peron) ペーロン 　
keito 競渡 (けいと) peron boat race
..... keito sen 競渡船（けいとせん）Dragon Boat


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obeservance kigo for late summer

. funamatsuri 船祭（ふなまつり）boat festival .
kawatogyo 川渡御（かわとぎょ）"crossing the river"
dondokobune どんどこ舟（どんどこぶね）Dondoko boat
kenchabune 献茶舟（けんちゃぶね） boat for ritual tea ceremony

at shrine Tenmangu in Osaka 大阪　天満宮



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. . . . . AUTUMN


iwashibune 鰯船（いわしぶね）boat for fishing sardines



. hazebune 鯊舟（はぜぶね）boat for fishing goby 　


observance kigo for early autumn

. segakibune 施餓鬼舟（せがきぶね）Segaki boat .
for the Segaki ceremony
Offering food and drink to the hungry ghosts, Segaki 施餓鬼

. shooryoobune (shoryobune)　精霊船
ships for the blessed souls of the O-Bon festival.


observance kigo for mid-autumn

for the Tanabata star festival

. tsuma mukaebune 妻迎舟 "boat to welcome the wife" .
..... tsumakoshibune 妻越し舟（つまこしぶね）
tsuma okuribune 妻送り舟（つまおくりぶね）
tsuma yobufune 妻呼ぶ舟（つまよぶふね）
shichiju no fune 七種の舟（しちしゅのふね）
..... nanakusa no fune ななくさ の 舟
boat with seven pieces of luggage




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. . . . . WINTER

kani koosen 蟹工船 ship for processing King Crab


magurobune 鮪船（まぐろぶね） boat for fishing for tuna


. namakobune 海鼠舟（なまこぶね）boat for catching sea cucumber 　


tarabune, ship to fish for tara 鱈船（たらぶね）


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observance kigo for mid-winter

. morotabune no shinji 諸手船神事 (もろたぶねのしんじ)
Morotabune Boat Race Ceremony 　
..... morotabune 諸手船（もろたぶね）

iyaho no matsuri 八百穂祭（いやほのまつり）
Ritual of 800 rice ears

mikuji ubai 御籤奪（みくじうばい）
fighting for fortune telling slips




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. . . . . NEW YEAR




. Ship of Good Luck, "treasure ship"
takarabune 宝船 (たからぶね) .
treasure boat
takarabune shiku 宝船敷く（たからぶねしく）
seller of treasure ships, takarabune uri 宝船売（たからぶねうり）
sleeping beside the treasure ship, takarabune shiku ne
宝船敷き寝（たからぶねしきね）
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !




first use of the boat, funa okoshi 船起 (ふなおこし)
..... 、kishuu 起舟（きしゅう）、kishuu iwai 起舟祝（きしゅういわい）
festival of the ship owners, funakata matsuri 船方祭（ふなかたまつり）
Boats are decorated with beautiful flags for the first outing.





Festival of the Ship's God, funadama sekku
船霊節句（ふなだませっく）
first using of the boat, funanori zome 船乗初（ふなのりぞめ）
..... funa hajime 船初（ふなはじめ）
first leaving of the port, funade hajime 船出始（ふなではじめ）
first rowing, kogi zome漕初（こぎぞめ）


first loading of the ship 初荷船（はつにぶね）


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TOPICS for haiku

Atakemaru 安宅丸 Cruize Ship of the Shogun

- quote -
In the Edo period, many feudal lords in the Kyushu region are said to have sailed the Seto Inland Sea with 30 to 40 ships to and from the area around the current Yodo River in Osaka for Sankin Kotai (alternate attendance). Ships used by these lords on these occasions are called "Gozabune." These Gozabune ships with dynamic and gorgeous interior and exterior decorations were used as a private luxury liner by feudal lords.



One of our ships was renamed "Atakemaru" as a replication of a Gozabune boat in the Heisei era to offer luxurious cruising with a traditional feel to customers mainly from Tokyo (Kanto region) in the Tokyo Port.
- source : gozabune.jp -


. Welcome to Edo　江戸 ! .

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ebune 家船 ship used as a home
They were popular in the Inland Sea, fishing for swordfish tachiuo and others.
There is a small facility, about 3 tatami wide, where the couple can sleep. Kitchen is provided on board too. Bath is used in a harbour town.
They can save fuel when staying near a good fishing ground for some days. The children have to stay with grandma on land.



. taraibune たらい舟 "tub boat" barrel boat .


. utasebune 打瀬船 fishing for shrimp 　


. watashibune わたし舟 / 渡し舟　/ 渉舟 ferry boat .


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Worldwide use

Alaska

first cruise ship
put boat in water after winter storage
SPRING KIGO in Alaska

last cruise ship
AUTUMN KIGO in Alaska

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North America

Skipjacks are the official Maryland State Boat.

oysters in my bed
boats above me
watch out, the dredge!

Amora Johnson, US
WKD : skipjack -- Chesapeake Bay Saijiki : Winter


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"Parade of Lights"
kigo for winter

Each Christmas there is a "Parade of Lights" in our town. I think it is commons around the US, where boats are decorated in lights for the holidays and they have a parade on the water.

parade of lights
I avoid the traffic
again this year

Laura Becker Sherman
Florida




The San Diego Bay Parade of Lights
is a time-honored Christmas holiday tradition brought to San Diego by the boating community.
source : www.sdparadeoflights.org


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Things found on the way


Haiku about the Sea
海の見える俳句


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HAIKU

牡蠣船にもちこむわかればなしかな
kakibune ni mochikomu wakarebanashi kana

talk of separation -
brought all the way to the
oyster ship
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

WKD: 久保田万太郎 Kubota Mantaroo

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帆の多きオランダ船や 雲の峰
ho no ooki orandasen ya kumo no mine

A Dutch ship
With many sails:
The billowing clouds.

WKD : Shiki, trans. Blyth


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白き巨船きたれり春も遠からず
shiroki kyosen kitareri haru mo tookarazu

A great white ship
Is entering the harbour;
Spring cannot be far off.

大野林火 Rinka, trans. Blyth

Blyth notes that "harbour" is not in the haiku, but since Rinka lived in Yokohama, Blyth concludes this is about the harbour there. Kyosen 巨船.



巨き船出でゆき蜃気楼となる
ooki fune ide yuki shinkiroo to naru

Great ocean liner
setting out on a voyage
becomes a mirage.


山口誓子（やまぐちせいし） Seishi,
trans. Takashi Kodaira and Alfred H. Marks

Note: "Season Word: 'shinkiroo', 'mirage'. Spring, celestial phenomena."

Compiled by Larry Bole, Kigo Hotline

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Queen Elizabeth 2


the QE2
humming so steadily --
chilly day in port

Isabelle Prondzynski / Kigo Hotline
Read more about it !


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Related words

***** . Fishing in all seasons 　


Japanese ships and boats named MARU　丸

The Legend of the Deity
. Azumi no Isora Maru 阿曇磯良丸 Isoramaru .

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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Poppy flowers (keshi no hana)

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Poppy flowers (keshi no hana)

***** Location: Japan.
***** Season: Early Summer
***** Category: Plant

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Explanation


Opium poppy, Papaver somniferum

During the Edo period the growing of poppies was allowed for private people, mostly for medical purposes. After the opium wars in China, it became forbidden in Japan.

poppy flowers, keshi no hana 罌粟の花 (けしのはな)
..... keshi no hana 芥子の花（けしのはな）
..... hana geshi 花罌粟（はなげし）
..... azami geshi 薊罌粟（あざみけし）




field poppy, corn poppy, a coquelicot
hina geshi 雛罌粟 ひなげし
..... gubijin soo 虞美人草（ぐびじんそう）
"beautiful lady weed" bijinsoo 美人草（びじんそう）




"beautiful spring flower" reishunka 麗春花（れいしゅんか）




"devil's poppy", oni geshi 鬼罌粟 おにげし
kigo for all summer




poppy head, keshi boozu
芥子坊主, 罌粟坊主 （けしぼうず）
kigo for mid-summer

See > Welch Onion

This was also a kind of clearcut hairstyle with just one tuff, for children of three and four years old during the Edo period.

Also called suzushiro すずしろ or O-Keshi お芥子.



僧になる子のうつくしやけしの花
soo ni naru ko no utsukushiya keshi no hana

how beautiful
this boy who becomes a priest -
poppy flowers

Kobayashi Issa




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A poppy is any of a number of showy flowers, typically with one per stem, belonging to the poppy family. They include a number of attractive wildflower species with showy flowers found growing singularly or in large groups; many species are also grown in gardens.

The flower color of poppy species include: white, pink, yellow, orange, red and blue; some have dark center markings. The species that have been cultivated for many years also include many other colors ranging from dark solid colors to soft pastel shades. The center of the flower has a whorl of stamens surrounded by a cup- or bowl-shaped collection of four to six petals. Prior to blooming, the petals are crumpled in bud, and as blooming finishes, the petals often lie flat before falling away.

Poppies have long been used as a symbol of both sleep and death:
sleep because of the opium extracted from them, and death because of their (commonly) blood-red color. In Greco-Roman myths, poppies were used as offerings to the dead. Poppies are used as emblems on tombstones to symbolize eternal sleep. This aspect was used, fictionally, in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz to create magical poppy fields, dangerous because they caused those who passed through them to sleep forever.

A second meaning for the depiction and use of poppies in Greco-Roman myths is the symbolism of the bright scarlet colour as signifying the promise of resurrection after death.

The poppy of wartime remembrance is the red corn poppy, Papaver rhoeas. This poppy is a common weed in Europe and is found in many locations, including Flanders Fields.

The golden poppy, Eschscholzia californica, is the state flower of California.

© More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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Worldwide use

Klatschmohn, Mohn

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Things found on the way




Takeuchi Seihō 竹内栖鳳 Takeuchi Seiho (1864 -1942)

- quote
‘Takeuchi Seiho: The Master of Modern Nihonga’
As a founder of nihonga (Japanese-style painting), Takeuchi Seiho was a pioneer in modernizing traditional Kyoto art. His works were a major influence on many of his younger peers, including Tsuchida Bakusen (1887-1936), and continue to inspire today.

This is the first large-scale exhibition of Seiho’s work since a retrospective show in 1957.
source : Japan Times, August 2013


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HAIKU

兵が足の跡ありけしの花
tsuwamono ga ashi no ato ari keshi no hana

in the footprints
of the warrior...
poppies

An anti-war poem?
Certainly, Issa feels compassion for the fragile flowers trampled by the soldier. The symbolism is heavy. This haiku has the prescript, "North Wind" (*haifuu*), which the editors of *Issa zenshuu* describe as an allusion to an old poem;
echoing Bashoo's haiku in Oku no hosomichi ("Narrow Road to the Far Provinces"):

"summer grasses...
all the remains
of warriors' dreams"
Tr. and Comment David Lanoue




Issa, 1803　age 41 living in Edo.
He had journeyed around the northern district of Edo, getting acquaintance with Akimoto, his biggest sponsor as well as best haiku friend.
At this time he was leaving from old Haiku sect that has come from Basho.

The warrior is Basho himself or Basho’s famous haiku "summer grasses.../ all the remains/ of warriors' dreams."

If so, the footprint is Basho’s evidence that shows Basho has come here. The evidence is a monument stone that is carved with the above "summer grasses .."
There were many such stones in near Edo.

Why poppy is picked up instead of “summer grasses”?
The flower is a drug so that it brings instant happiness of dreams.

©　Haiga and Comment by Nakamura Sakuo



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more poppy haiku by Issa

生て居るばかりぞ我とけしの花
ikite iru bakari zo ware to keshi no hana


barely alive -
there is myself and this
poppy flower
Tr. Gabi Greve



just being alive
I
and the poppy
Tr. David Lanoue


Issa uses the kireji zo in the middle of line 2. This is difficult to render in a translation.




芥子の花々と見る間にあらし哉
keshi no hanabana to miru ma ni arashi kana

while looking
at all these poppies
a storm has come
Tr. Gabi Greve

This haiku is one sentence and
has the cut marker KANA at the end of line 3.



keshi no hana hana to miru ma ni arashi kana

while looking
at poppies, poppies...
a storm
David Lanoue

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. WKD : Kobayashi Issa 小林一茶 in Edo .


けっくして松の日まけや芥子の花
kekku shite matsu no hi make ya keshi no hana

yes, poppies,
pines live longer --
and end up sunburned
Tr. Chris Drake

This summer hokku was written at the beginning of the 4th month (May) in 1802, when Issa was in Edo. The precise basis of the comparison of poppies and pines isn't mentioned by Issa, but the first line hints that Issa is talking about time and longevity. The brilliant red (and occasionally white, blue, and purple) poppies bloom in bright sunlight-filled fields only for two months, in May and June, and Issa seems to sense that the poppy flowers want to live longer and resent their lifespan, which is much shorter than that of the pines. Pines are a traditional symbol of longevity and often used as an image for living for a thousand years, but Issa tells the poppies not to envy them, since in the long run the rays of the sun are harmful, and the pines must endure much more sunlight, which eventually "burns" their needles, changing them from green to black.

I doubt this is a political allegory, since pines were also a divine tree often used by gods when they descended, and pines were a common symbol of good fortune as well. The hokku seems to be more about urging the poppies to be proud of their brief natural beauty and to feel thankful they can go out at the moment of their most intense color instead of gradually being withered by sunlight. Isn't Issa also talking about hokku and renku here?

Chris Drake


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けし提てけん嘩の中を通いけり
keshi sagete kenka no naka o toori keri

holding a poppy
I walk right through
people fighting
Tr. Chris Drake

This famous hokku was written in the 4th month (May) of 1825, when Issa was living in his hometown while making constant trips to nearby towns. For Issa the intense red of poppies seems to have a special inner power that radiates outward, and in this hokku a poppy shares its power with him, allowing him to walk right through a group of people who are yelling at each other or perhaps even coming to blows. Without the poppy, Issa probably would have walked around the fight, simply avoiding it, but with the flower in his hand he somehow discovers the ability to walk calmly straight through the knot of angry people.

Red is associated in many cultures with anger and fighting or with blood and the fire of strong emotions, but for Issa it also seems to have been the color of calmness and peace. Perhaps his feeling for red is related to the fact that in Japanese the word for "red" is etymologically close to several words meaning "bright" and possibly also related to the large role red plays as a color signifying purity in Shinto. Still, peacefully carrying red into the midst of a fight seems typically Issa. Perhaps Issa's personal gentleness, together with the fact that the red color is in the shape of a flower, help him walk peacefully through the group of fighting people. Poppies are fragile and delicate, though not quite as delicate as cherry blossoms, and their petals fall easily and quickly, so the poppy he holds presents the fighters with an image of softness and flexibility, not hardness and aggression

Chris Drake



source :　tomy2.blog1



みそ豆の数珠がそよぐぞ芥子の花
misomame no juzu ga soyogu zo keshi no hana

ah, poppies
your large prayer beads
swaying, rustling
Tr. Chris Drake

This early summer hokku is from the beginning of the fourth month (May) in 1813, about two months after Issa had received his half of his father's house in his hometown. The poppies are just coming into bloom, and Issa seems to be near a field of them. Poppy ovaries or fruit are called "poppy priests" (keshi-bouzu) in Japanese because they resemble the shaved heads of Buddhist monks and priests, and to Issa they now seem to resemble large prayer beads. A breeze makes the flowers sway on their long stems, and to Issa the poppy field seems to look like a great natural wave of prayer beads swaying back and forth as they praise Amida Buddha. The flowers may make a slight rustling sound when they touch, but sound doesn't seem to be the main focus here. In the True Pure Land school of Buddhism to which Issa and many of the residents of his hometown belonged, prayer beads were not considered essential for counting the number of times you said Amida's name, since sincerity was more important than number.

Believers did, however, hold strings of prayer beads of variable lengths in their hands when they put their palms together in a gassho gesture of deep respect toward Amida or Shinran, the founder of the school, even though they did not move the beads or make clicking sounds with them. The exclamatory zo in the second line indicates that Issa is addressing the poppies and telling them he's seen their new prayer beads and their wave-like prayer. No doubt his hokku is an expression of his gratitude to the poppies and to Amida for having been given the chance to witness this prayer.

Japanese prayer beads are made from a wide variety of materials, but soybeans are not a standard material. It's possible very poor farmers might have strung soybeans together to make prayer beads, but some kinds of wooden prayer beans were inexpensive and easily obtained. They would also have been more durable than beans. It seems likely that Issa is using large soybeans in this hokku to refer to the size of the poppies' fruit and to indicate to readers that he's not referring to ordinary human prayer beads. Calling something "bean-sized" (mame-dai) is common in Japanese, and when I called five prayer-bead stores and asked if they used beans as metaphors, people in three of the stores told me they sometimes describe large prayer beads as being "bean-sized."

Issa also connects poppies with Buddhism in this famous 1823 hokku:

how beautiful this boy
who's becoming a monk --
a flowering poppy!

Chris Drake


source :　www.trekearth.com/gallery


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kaite mitari keshitari hate wa keshi no hana

I write, erase, rewrite,
erase again, and then
a poppy blooms
Tr. Hoffman

WKD: Tachibana Hokushi (1665-1718)


An exerpt from Hoffman's comment:
'Keshi' means "to erase" as well as "poppy..." However it is read, the poems intent remains the same--that nature eventually overwhelms culture. [end of comment]

About 'keshi', David Barnhill says in his notes to Basho's haiku
(Major Nature Images in Basho's Hokku):

A petal that falls off a poppy is said to resemble a severed butterfly wing, and thus is associated with painful parting. [end of comment]

And in Gill's "Cherry Blossom Epiphany," in commenting on a particular haiku, Gill says that a child who lived in a monastery was "called a 'keshi-no-tsuke', after the poppy flower that dropped its petals so quickly it was synonymous with a tenuous existence."

Erasure, parting, tenuous existence... it does suggest a similar feeling as Basho's "summer grasses" haiku.

Then there is the use of the word 'keshi' in the title of an episode of a Japanese tv series, "Sukeban Deka" (Juvenile Cop):

Keshi no tatakai! (translated as "Battle to the Death!)

Can 'keshi' mean death in an idiomatic way?

Larry Bole


Almost everyone familiar with Japanese wooden dolls knows about kokeshi.

Many people believe that early kokeshi were representations of girl children that were aborted or put to death after childbirth due to the inability to support a poor family of greater size. Even the word, ko-keshi (ko o kesu), can be loosely translated as "extinguished child" or "a child wiped out".

It may be that kokeshi were kept as reminders of a dead child's plaything. Kokeshi are also given as charms to childless women in an effort to get pregnant. Kokeshi were kept in the family and passed down from generation to generation. Some believe that kokeshi date back three hundred years and were the North's equivalent of the standing hina dolls.



Read more about
... Daruma and Kokeshi Dolls

Gabi Greve


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Related words

. karashi tane maku 芥菜蒔く (からしなまく)
sowing mustard seeds 　
(The kanji 芥 can also meen mustard seed.)

kigo for mid-autumn

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kigo for mid-summer

hanabishisoo 花菱草 (はなびしそう) California poppy
..... kineika 金英花（きんえいか）
PoppyEschscholzia californica . Eschscholtzia



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***** Japanese Warriors and Haiku (tsuwamono)


***** Poppy Day, Rememberance Day, Veteran's Day


***** War and Peace in Haiku


. Akakeshi 赤芥子 Red Poppies Dolls .
from Miyagi


[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
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Woman and Kigo

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Woman and KIGO

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Various, see below
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

The word WOMAN, just like that, onna 女 , is not a season word.

nyotai, jotai 女体 female body
(nyotai, also used for the female mask in Noh theator.


But we have a few compound words used as kigo.


Once upon a time in Japan,
men and women shared the same public bath (konyoku 混浴).


山東京伝 Santoo Kyooden (1761 - 1816)


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..... SPRING

Women's Day International Women's Day, Mimosa Day (Russia)


Woman divers (ama 海女 (あま)


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..... SUMMER

Bamboo Wife (chiku fujin) chiku fujin ちくふじん 竹婦人 ) take fujin
"bamboo husband" chiku fujin 竹夫人（ちくふじん）


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rice-planting woman, saotome 早乙女 さおとめ
..... sootome そうとめ、ueme 植女（うえめ）
"woman of May", satsuki me 五月女（さつきめ）
ie sotome 家早乙女（いえそうとめ）
uchi sotome 内早乙女（うちそうとめ）

home with a rice-planting woman,
saotome yado 早乙女宿（さおとめやど）


Great Day of a rice-planting Woman,
Lunar May 5

The months of Januaray, May and September (正、五、九) were seen as not auspicious and people had to be careful. These months have their own "Purification Day".
In some areas, no marriage ceremonies were held in these months.

The fifth month according to the Asian Lunar Calendar was the month of rice-planting and the planting women (saotome) had to do their job. For this work the young women of a farmers family were seen as sacred "shrine maiden" miko, and received a special blessing. This was done on the fifth day of the fifth month, the Great Day of Woman. This co-incided with the rainy season (July in our modern calendar) and it often rained on this day. During the rice planting season, saotome women had to refrain from sexual pleasures.

. saotome to densetsu 早乙女と伝説
Legends about women planting rice .



. Satsuki Purification Day, satsuki imi 五月忌 (さつきいみ) 　
Absention, abstinence in Satsuki
amezutsumi 雨づつみ（あめづつみ）
nagamei mi 霖雨斎み（ながめいみ）

"home of a rice-planting woman", onna no ie 女の家（おんなのいえ）
onna tenka no hi 女天下の日（おんなてんかのひ） "day of the women"


Satsuki is the name for the fifth month of the lunar calendar.
Now 6 Jun – 6 Jul.


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..... AUTUMN




Harvest Moon for Women, onna meigetsu 女名月

Moon and its KIGO



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..... NEW YEAR

Woman wellwisher for the New Year
onna reija 女礼者 (おんなれいじゃ)
Woman Visitor for the New Year, onna gakyaku
女賀客（おんながきゃく）
... onna rei 女礼（おんなれい）

Woman are usually busy during the first three days of the New Year, when the men are out visiting and women have to prepare food for them. Women can only go visit relatives and friends on the fourth of January and could expand the time until the Doll's Festival in March.
In some areas this visit of woman is called Onna Shoogatsu:


New Year for the Woman, Onna Shoogatsu
女正月（おんなしょうがつ）
..... me shogatsu 女正月（めしょうがつ）

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Promotion Day for Court Ladies
ooroku 女王禄 (おうろく)
... ooroku o tamou 女王禄を賜う（おうろくをたもう）
The Chinese character for WOMAN 女 is not pronounced in these words.

Ladies Court Promotion,, nyo joi 女叙位 (にょじょい)
onna joi 女叙位（おんなじょい）
Court ritual on the day after the White Horse
The Court promotions for men where announced on January 7, (ao uma no sechi e, Day of the White Horse).




WKD - Saijiki for Japanese Festivals and Ceremonies

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Setsubun for Women, onna setsubun
女節分（おんなせつぶん）
Purification ceremony for women only

Yoshida Kiyo Harae 吉田清祓 (よしだきよはらえ)
Yoshida Ooharai 吉田大祓（よしだおおはらい）


Setsubun 節分 Setsubun Festival (February 3)


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..... TOPIC


. Blind women from Echigo. Echigo goze 越後女盲


Women's slope (onna-zaka). Slope for men (otoko-zaka) Japan


. Wife, my dear beloved (wagimoko 吾妹子)



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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


WKD : Women Haiku Poets of Japan


"Heart of a Woman" Onna gokoro 女心
Flower-Heart (hana gokoro)



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Category: Women In Japan - vocabulary list
snip
Geisha World
Note Many of the customs and practices in the geisha world have their own terminology that only insiders comprehend, incomprehensible to most Japanese.

Shirabyoshi (Jpn, lit = white rhythm) Song and dance performance characterized by a strongly marked rhythm and the term also referred to the dancer/prostitutes who practiced it, 12th cent.

Hari (Jpn) Attitude or style, used of the Yoshiwara courtesans of the 17th cent.

Sui (Jpn) Ideal of chic or sophistication Kyoto and Osaka, 17th cent.

1.Tayu (Jpn) Highest rank of courtesan in Kyoto, 17th-early18th cent.
Iki (Jpn) Chic, style or cool, originated among the geisha of Edo period.

1.Oiran (Jpn) Highest rank courtesan in Edo, from 18th cent.
2.Kawaramono (Jpn, lit = riverbed folk) Underclass in Edo period, primarily popular entertainers including musicians, jesters, actors and courtesans, who performed in dry riverbeds.
Ageya (Jpn) House of assignation, where patrons made appointments with courtesans in the pleasure quarters, precursor of the geisha teahouse.

Asobi (Jpn, lit = play) Time spent with geisha, courtesans, or other entertainers.

Cha-tate onna (Jpn, lit = tea-brewing woman) Precursors of the geisha.

Jiutmai (Jpn) Form of classical Japanese dance practiced by geisha, particularly the geisha of Gion, linked to the dance forms of the Noh theater.

Ukiyo (Jpn, lit = floating world) Buddhist term “the transience of all things” adopted to refer to the world of courtesans.
1.Keisei(Jpn, = castle topplers) Courtesans of legendary beauty.
2.Koshi (Jpn) Second rank courtesan.
Sancha (Jpn) Teahouse waitresses-cum-courtesans in old Japan.

Ukiyo-e (Jpn, lit = painting of the floating world) Woodblock print of the courtesans of the pleasure quarters.

Kamuro (Jpn) Child attendant of a courtesan.
Oka basho (Jpn, lit = hill places) Unlicensed teahouse and brothel areas in old Japan.


Okiya (Jpn, = geisha house) Lodging house for the maiko and geiko during their nenki; also the establishment where geisha are affiliated in order to be registered in their communities.

1.Necki (Jpn) Maiko/geiko’s period of service in the okiya.
2.Shikomi san (Jpn) First stage in a okiya before a girl becomes a minarai-san when she performs domestic duties while living in the okiya and attending school.
1.Shikomi (Jpn, = in training) Young indentured servant.
2.Tamago (Jpn, lit = egg) Used to refer to shikomi, the first stage of maiko training.
3.Minarai-san (Jpn) Apprentice maiko, who learns the ways of the hanamachi by living together with a maiko and geiko in an okiya and going to school there.
1.Minarai (Jpn, = learning by observation) Early stage of geisha training before becoming a maiko.
1.Omisedashi (Jpn) Ceremony where a minarai-san become a maiko.
1.Sansan-kudo (Jpn, lit = “thrice three, nine times” exchange) Ritual exchange of sake in a wedding ceremony or sisterhood ceremony at which a new maiko is joined with her onesan in sisterhood of geishas.
2.Onesan (Jpn, = elder sister) Role a geiko takes to pass on her experience to maiko and younger geiko.
2.Mizuage (Jpn, = raising or offering up the waters) Sexual initiation ceremony that marked the process of becoming geisha (geiko). Term originally meant unloading a ship’s cargo or catch of fish and later income from an entertainment business, but in this context, a euphemism for the maiko’s defloration. A change of neckband signified a loss of virginity. If she had a danna, it was he who deflowered her, if not the task fell to a mizuage-danna. Up to WW II, thereafter sexual matters became the business of the geisha alone.
1.Danna (Jpn, = husband or master) Patron of a geiko or geisha by giving financial assistance. Can also mean customer.
2.Mizuage-danna (Erikae-dana) (Jpn) Man of distinction well known in the hanamachi and trusted by the okasan to treat an inexperienced girl considerately.
3.Erikae (Jpn, = changing the collar) Ceremony at which a maiko become a geiko when the en is changed from the red of the maiko to white.
1.En Neck band.
2.Erikae o suru (Jpn, lit = to turn one’s collar) Sartorial expression that marks the transition from maiko to geisha.

snip
Rokkagai (Jpn) “Six geisha communities” of Kyoto.
1.Ponto-cho Hanamachi in Kyoto.
1.Suimeikai (Jpn) Dance put on every March by Ponto-cho.
2.Gion-Kobu Hanamachi in Kyoto.
1.Miyako odor (Jpn) Cherry dance, the most famous and popular of the dances performed by the maiko and geiko in Gion-Kobu.
2.Shimai (Jpn) Style of noh dance in Gion-Kobu that is performed in plain clothes and without masks that usually typify the genre.
3.Gion-Higashi Hanamachi in Kyoto.
4.Miyagawa-cho Hanamachi in Kyoto.
5.Kamishichiken Hanamachi in Kyoto.
6.Shimabara District in Kyoto.

- - - MORE
source : www.eurekaencyclopedia.com



. Yosa Buson　与謝蕪村 and the ladies of the night .


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Man and Woman, otoko to onna 男と女




In Kabuki, men play the female roles and learn how to express female feelings through very precise and ritualistic gestures.

onnagata 女形 female actors

Yoshizawa Ayame I (初代 吉沢 菖蒲)
(1673-15 July 1729)



an early Kabuki actor, and the most celebrated onnagata (specialist in female roles) of his time. His thoughts on acting, and on onnagata acting in particular, are recorded in Ayamegusa (菖蒲草, "The Words of Ayame"), one section of the famous treatise on Kabuki acting, Yakusha Rongo (役者論語, "The Actors' Analects").

A.C. Scott wrote that "Yoshizawa Ayame I was regarded as the greatest onnagata or female impersonator of his time and was an artist of ability, who developed the unique technique which was to be a model for the actors of the future. His ideas and secrets were written down in a book called 'Ayamegusa', which was afterwards regarded as the Bible of the female impersonator."
Ayame
is famous for advocating that onnagata behave as women in all their interactions, both onstage and off. In Ayamegusa, he is quoted as saying that
"if [an actor] does not live his normal life as if he was a woman, it will not be possible for him to be called a skillful onnagata."
Following his own advice, Ayame cultivated his femininity throughout his offstage life, and was often treated as a woman by his fellow actors. His mentor, Arashi San'emon, and others are said to have praised him on many occasions for his devotion to his art.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

- quote -
YOSHIZAWA AYAME I
Yoshizawa Gonshichi / Yoshizawa Kikunojô
Other name: Tachibanaya Gonshichi
Guild: Tachibanaya
The Yoshizawa Ayame line of actors:
- Read more about his life and work :
- source : www.kabuki21.com -


. Kabuki Theater in Japan　歌舞伎 .

. Bando Tamasaburo 坂東玉三郎 . - (1950 - )


. nanshoku、danshoku 男色 homosexuality .
Yamashita Kinsaku II 山下金作 - Nakamura Handayû


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HAIKU


虹に謝す妻よりほかに女知らず
niji ni shasu tsuma yori hoka ni onna shirazu

thanks to the rainbow
apart from my wife I do not know
other women

Nakamura Kusatao 中村草田男


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窓の雪女体にて湯をあふれしむ
mado no yuki nyotai nite yu o afure-shimu

outside the window is snow -
my female body brings the bath water
to overflow

Katsura Nobuko
Read more translations


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をとこにありてをんなにあらぬ冬日暮
otoko ni arite onna ni aranu fuyu　higure

men have it
women do not have it -
winter sunset

Hirai Shobin 平井照敏
(Hirai Shoobin, 1931 - 2003)

This haiku makes fun of the spelling for otoko 男 おとこ　and
onna 女　おんな, using hiragana and the letter を (wo) instead of お o.



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otoko rashisa ya onna rashisa yori mo ningen rashiku

like a real man
or like a real woman ... better
like a real human being



©　てれ助さん


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Related words

***** Doll Festival (hina matsuri) Japan Peach Festival, Girl's Festival


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[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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Ancestor's New Year

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]

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Ancestors New Year (Hotoke Shoogatsu)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Season

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Explanation

Here, HOTOKE means the ancestors, not Buddha.

First visit to the ancestor's graves.
During the first three days of the New Year, there is no ancestor worship.
This is an important ritual and often takes place on January 16 or 18. People visit temples and graveyards to say prayers and put incense on the graves. At home in the Family Buddha Altar (butsudan) they offer New Year's Soup (zooni) in small cups to the ancestors.

In some areas this is January 4 or as late as January 20.

In some areas of the island of Shikoku, there is a special day in December (tatsumi no hi), called "Ancestor's New Year". This implies the LAST service of the year for the ancestors.

This day corresponds to the Ancestor Worship during the O-Bon Ceremonies and rituals and is very important. Nowadays, Ancestor Worship concentrated during O-Bon and merrymaking (happy new year style) during O-Shoogatsu New Year.




Let us look at the related kigo:

Hotoke Shoogatsu 仏正月 (ほとけしょうがつ)
..... hotoke no shoogatsu 仏の正月（ほとけのしょうがつ）
day of the ancestors, hotoke no hi 仏の日（ほとけのひ）

ancestors passing into the new year, hotoke no toshikoshi
仏の年越（ほとけのとしこし）

hotoke no kuchi ake 仏の口明（ほとけのくちあけ）
nenbutsu no kuchi ake 念仏の口明（ねんぶつのくちあけ）

New Year of the Ancestors, sensoo shoogatsu
先祖正月（せんぞしょうがつ）

Beginning of the Temple Year, tera nenshi
寺年始（てらねんし）
Temples are the places where the ancestor worship usually takes place.


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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU

ひとり来て仏の正月崖荒し
hitori kite Hotoke no shoogatsu gake arashi

I came alone
for the Ancestor's New Year -
these wild cliffs

Minamoto Onihiko 源 鬼彦
Tr. Gabi Greve

Japanese haiku collection about stones, walls, cliffe and more


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Related words

*****Dead body, deceased person, corpse (hotoke)
Death Poems, Death Haiku


***** Little New Year .. ko shoogatsu (January 15)


***** New Year (shinnen, shin nen, shoogatsu) Worldwide



***** New Year Ceremonies of Japan
......... A topical Saijiki

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Little New Year (January 15)

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]
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"Little New Year" (koshoogatsu)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Season

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Explanation

"Little New Year", minor new year,
koshoogatsu 小正月(こしょうがつ)
koshogatsu
According to the Asian Lunar Calendar, but this is now celebrated on January 15.
A Chinese lunar month started with the new moon.
An older Japanese system had a lunar month start with the full moon.
This makes allocations for kigo quite difficult, especially for the New Year kigo and celebrations on our present January 15.




Other kigo versions are

mochi shoogatsu 望正月（もちしょうがつ）
mochidoshi 望年（もちどし）

"young year", wakatoshi 若年（わかとし）
"young New Year", waka shoogatsu 若正月（わかしょうがつ）

second New Year, niban shoogatsu 二番正月（にばんしょうがつ)
"small Year", kotoshi 小年（こどし）
"flower New Year" 、hana shoogatsu 花正月（はなしょうがつ）



Most decorations for the New Year are burnt on this day, as it marks the end of the New Year Celebrations.
Dondo Yaki, Sankuroo and Daruma　三九郎とだるま


Dondo Yaki どんどやき

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Since the BIG New Year (oo shoogatsu 大正月, Men's New Year, otoko shoogatsu 男正月) is a busy time for the womanfolk to serve the many visitors, on the day of January 15, they are the ones to celebrate. This is called

New Year for the Woman, Onna Shoogatsu
女正月（おんなしょうがつ）
..... me shogatsu 女正月（めしょうがつ）




Now the womanfolk can start to relax, they have been busy with all the New Year preparations, like cleaning the house and preparing food for the family and visitors.


In Okinawa, this day is celebrated with colorful parades of the ladies, called Juriba sunee ジュリ馬スネー, sometimes on January 20.




"Michi Junee" consists of a parade of men and women wearing traditional Ryukyu costumes accompanied by sanshin shamisen and drums. The parade will be led by a group bearing colorful flags and a god called Miruku (Miroku Bosatsu), who is believed to visit Okinawa on New Year’s Day from across the sea, bringing happiness to the island. Also, a vibrant eisa performance and various Ryukyu performing arts will top off the New Year’s event.
©　Ryukyu Mura

More LINKS

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Typical Decoration for Small New Year





Koshogatsu - A Time of Celebration

New Year is the largest, and perhaps the oldest celebration in Japan. Having both religious and secular associations, it is much like Christmas in Canada.

In A.D. 604, the lunar calendar used in China was adopted for use by the Japanese government. This calendar had both a lunar component which regulated civic events and a solar component which was used for agricultural purposes.

The new moon marked the beginning of the official months but date discrepancies existed between official celebrations and folk celebrations. Using the lunar calendar the New Year was to begin at the second new moon after the winter solstice.

This was the "Great New Year" or shogatsu. At the full moon two weeks later, there was another celebration called "Little New Year" or koshogatsu. Traditionally, these dates would occur sometime from the end of January to the middle of February. However, when the government adopted the Gregorian calendar, shogatsu became associated with the first day of January and koshogatsu fell on the 15th of January.
©　www.smu.ca/ Paul Fitzgerald



. mogura-uchi 土龍打 ( もぐらうち) "hitting the moles" .


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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way

EISA drummers of Okinawa

Traditional Okinawan Bon festival drum-dancing (eisa)
source : www.okinawastory.j


Worldwide Eisa Festival 2011
Sunday, October 16, 2011
Okinawa Eisa festival held in Naha

The first Eisa dance festival was held in Naha City in Japan's southernmost prefecture of Okinawa on Sunday. Eisa is the island's unique folk dance.
The Worldwide Eisa Festival 2011 was held to coincide with the 5th Worldwide Uchinanchu Festival, where people celebrate their ancestral roots in Okinawa.
Local people and the descendants of emigrants from Okinawa danced at the prefectural stadium.
Eighteen members of a Brazilian team performed a dance based on the theme of emigrants crossing the ocean by ship. The team is made up of second and
third-generation descendants who have danced at events in Sao Paulo.
The team leader, 21-year-old Tadashi Nakasone, made his first visit to Okinawa this year. His grandfather was from Okinawa. He began practicing Eisa dancing 10 years ago when he became interested in Okinawa's culture.
Nakasone said he is happy that he can express his love for Okinawa's culture through his performances. He said he had a wonderful experience on the stage that was almost beyond description.
Dancers from Los Angeles and Hawaii also took part in the event.
source :　NHK world news


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. hoojari ほうじゃり Hojari amulet
from Chiba prefecture


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HAIKU

母が家に　母のもの着し　女正月
haha ga ya ni haha no mono kishi me shoogatsu

I put on mother's clothes
in her house -
New Year of women

Yoko Yamamoto
Tr. Etsuko Yanagibori
with photo !

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法華寺に守り犬買ふ小正月
Hokkeji ni mamori inu kau koshoogatsu

at temple Hokke-Ji
I buy a dog talisman -
little New Year

Kawai Kayoko 河合佳代子

. Temple Hokke-Ji 法華寺 Nara .


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女正月ひとりは泣きにきてをりぬ
me shoogatsu hitori wa naki ni kite orinu

Women's New Year -
one woman came
just to cry

Hayashi Kikue, 林菊枝



母に逢ふ口実もなき女正月
haha ni au koojitsu mo naki onna shoogatsu

I have no more excuses
to suit my mother ...
Women's New Year


Wada Shookai 和田照海

Collection of 80 haiku about Women's New Year
©　www.haisi.com 女正月

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Related words

***** New Year (shinnen, shin nen) Worldwide


***** New Year Ceremonies of Japan
.......... A topical Saijiki




source : mingeijapan - furoshiki

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