Winter preparations outside

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Winter preparations outside

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Winter
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

A lot of preparations have to be done for winter.
The house has to be made warm and cosy. Protection from snow and cold is very important in Northern Japan, where the snow reaches many meters and has to be dealt with properly.



. Winter
heating, blankets, warm clothing, snow shoes and more 　


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Early Winter

fuyugamae 冬構 (ふゆがまえ)winter preparations


kazeyoke 風除 かざよけ wind guards
kazegaki 風垣（かざがき） wind-protecting hedges
kazegakoi 風囲（かざがこい）
Some houses in Northern Japan have very high hedges (防風垣) on three sides around the house.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



kitamado fusagu 北窓塞ぐ (きたまどふさぐ) closing the north window and more about windows


mebari 目貼 (めばり) sealing the windows
sukimabari 隙間張（すきまばり）sealing the small apertures (where the cold wind might come in)
Japanese wooden houses are full of small slits around the sliding windows and sliding doors. In winter they are all sealed quite carefully with strong paper.



shimoyoke 霜除 (しもよけ) frost protection
shimo ooi 霜覆（しもおおい）shimogakoi霜囲（しもがこい）
Many homes have extra wooden protections against snow and cold. The north walls and windows are sealed tightly.



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Mid-Winter

haka kakou 墓囲う (はかかこう) protecting the graves with an enclosure


yabumaki 藪巻 (やぶまき) putting straw mats around bamboo and underbrush to prevent it from breaking under heavy snow
..... komomaki 菰巻（こもまき）
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


yukigakoi 雪囲 (ゆきがこい) snow protection
..... yukiyoke 雪除（ゆきよけ）protective fence against snow
yukigaki 雪垣（ゆきがき）snow-protecting hedge


yukigomo 雪菰（ゆきごも）snow protection for flowers

MORE
SNOW-related kigo about human activities in winter
shoveling snow, yukikaki 雪掻 (ゆきかき) and many more


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Late Winter


gangi 雁木 (がんぎ ) wooden snow protection roof along the road
gangi ichi 雁木市（がんぎいち）
market selling wood for the gangi
In the parts of Japan with heavy snowfall, the roadsides were protected by long roofs, which were supported by strong wooden pillars to carry the heavy load of snow. They form a place where people can walk safely during winter time.


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sugamori すが洩り (すがもり) leeking of melting icewater
... suga more すが漏（すがもれ）
suga is dialect of Northern Japan. Snow and ice around the home begin to melt and leek throught the apertures in the roof or windows or below doors.

国分寺すが洩り跡の堂の壁
kokubunji sugamori ato no doo no kabe

Temple Kokubunji -
the walls of the hall show remains
of leeking meltwater

Himori Mume 日守むめ


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All Winter


fuyugomori 冬篭り winter confinement, winter isolation


fuyu yakata 冬館 (ふゆやかた) large home in winter
usually a home in Western style.




Wind-cutting sickle at the temple Horyu-Ji 法隆寺
kazakirigama 風切鎌 (かざきりがま) "wind-cutting sickle"
A sickle is put up on a long pole or on the roof to "cut the strong north wind" and protect the home.



sukimakaze 隙間風（すきまかぜ） wind through the small apertures of a building
..... himamoru kaze ひま洩る風　（ひまもるかぜ）



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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU




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Related words

Check the WKD LIST of
. HUMANITY and Winter Kigo


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Autumn school games entertainment

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Autumn and entertainment

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Autumn
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation


Games played in autumn, entertainment in autumn, school in autumn.
Many cultural events also take place in autumn.


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Early autumn


kyuuka ake 休暇明 (きゅうかあけ)
end of the (summer) holidays
... kyuuka hatsu 休暇果つ（きゅうかはつ）
kyuuka shimau 休暇了う（きゅうかしまう）
kaki kyuuka hatsu 夏期休暇果つ（かききゅうかはつ） end of the summer break
nigakki 二学期（にがっき）second term in school
shuugakki 秋学期（しゅうがっき）autumn term in school



. School life in all seasons 　

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Sumo wrestling 相撲 (すもう)


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Mid-autumn



Tsukimi 月見 moon viewing and related kigo



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Late autumn



bai mawashi ばい廻し (ばいまわし / 海蠃廻し)
spinning tops with shells
beigoma べい独楽（べいごま）spinning tops
bai-uchi ばい打（ばいうち / 海打ち）、baibaigoma ばいばいごま
tsuyobai 強ばい（つよばい）"strong shell"
kachibai 勝ばい（かちばい）"winning shell"
makebai 負ばい（まけばい） "loosing shell"
BAI are special conch shells that were used as spinning tops in the Edo period. The conches were opened and the inside filled with wax or lead to make them heavy. They were especially used befor the 9th day of the 9th month of the Chrysanthemum festival. This was not only a toy for children, even grownups enjoyed a game. Later the tops were made of metal. The top of an opponent has to be kicked out of the box or round.
Now these tops are also used during the New Year holidays.
A play of words with BAI, to come back to you manifold. 福が倍にくる
バイガイ, ばい貝, 梅貝 small water snails and New Year Food


奉公にゆく誰彼やばい廻し
hookoo ni yuku darekare ya bai mawashi

someone is leaving
to become an apprentice -
spinning tops

Kubota Mantaroo 万太郎



koma 独楽 (こま) spinning top Kreisel
kigo for the New Year


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gangasa 雁瘡 (がんがさ) "goose ekzema", ekzema in autumn
gansoo 雁瘡（がんそう）, kangasa 雁来瘡（がんがさ）
Difficult to cure, it comes and goes as the geese come and go.
Herbstekzem




imonikai, imoni kai 芋煮会 いもにかい "boiled satoimo taro potatoes"
... imoni 芋煮（いもに）
Originally from Yamagata, with Yonezawa beef




kiku matsuri Chrysanthemum Festival
kikukaten 菊花展 (きくかてん) chrysanthemum exhibition
... kikuten 菊展（きくてん）
kiku ningyoo 菊人形 (きくにんぎょう) figures made from chrysanthemums
... kiku shi 菊師（きくし）
. . . CLICK here for Chrysanthemum Doll Photos !




momijigari 紅葉狩 もみじがり "hunting for red leaves" leaf watching
... momiji mi 紅葉見（もみじみ, kanpuu 観楓（かんぷう）
momiji fumu 紅葉踏む（もみじふむ）stepping on red leaves
momijizake 紅葉酒（もみじざけ）ricewine while watching red leaves
momijijaya momiji chaya 紅葉茶屋（もみじぢゃや）tea house for watching red leaves
momijibune 紅葉舟（もみじぶね） boat for watching red leaves
momiji taku 紅葉焚く（もみじたく）burning red leaves

momiji no ga 紅葉の賀 (もみじのが) official viewing of the red leaves, court ceremony
... aki no gyoo-u 秋の御遊（あきのぎょゆう）
. . . CLICK here for Ceremony Photos !




takegari 茸狩 たけがり "hunting for mushrooms
... kinokogari　茸狩
picking mushrooms, kinoko tori 茸採り（きのことり）
bag for mushrooms, kinoko kago 茸籠（きのこかご）
mat to spread mushrooms to dry, kinoko mushiro 茸筵（たけむしろ）


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observance kigo for late autumn

taiiku no hi 体育の日 (たいいくのひ) physical education day
Health and Sports Day
Second Monday of October
(it used to be the 10th of october)

kokumin taiiku taikai "National Sports Festival"
国民体育大会 (こくみんたいいくたいかい)
.... kokutai 国体（こくたい）
National Sports Tournament
National Athletic Meet
since 1946.


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bunka no hi 文化の日 (ぶんかのひ) culture day
Meijisetsu 明治節（めいじせつ）Meiji seasonal festival
bunkasai 文化祭（ぶんかさい）
Third of November, a national holiday
Many communities feature exhibitions and regional culture events.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


Lately, November 1 has been promoted to
koten no hi 古典の日　day of classical literature


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geijutsusai 芸術祭 (げいじゅつさい) art festival
Most events are featured in October and November, since the year 1946.


Shoosoin bakuryoo 正倉院曝涼 (しょうそういんばくりょう)
..... kaze ire, kazeire 風入れ（かぜいれ）
airing the treasures of the Shosoin treasure house in Nara
Most events center around November 3.
Not only the Shoso-In, but also many other large temples air their treasures, hang up the scrolls and invite visitors to look at them.


The Shōsōin (正倉院)
is the treasure house that belongs to Tōdai-ji, Nara. The building is in the azekura log-cabin style, with a raised floor. It lies to the northwest of the Daibutsuden (which houses the Great Buddha). The Shōsōin houses artifacts connected to Emperor Shōmu (701–756) and Empress Kōmyō (701–760), as well as arts and crafts of the Tempyō period of Japanese history.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


Multi-support database SHOMUS for the study of Shoshoin historical documents
正倉院文書マルチ支援データベースSHOMUS
- source : wwwap.hi.u-tokyo.ac.jp -
- source : 正倉院文書研究会 -

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observance kigo for all autumm

bijutsu tenrankai 美術展覧会 (びじゅつてんらんかい)
art exhibition

nikaten 二科展（にかてん）
for paintings, carvings, design and photos

inten 院展（いんてん）
Japan Fine Arts Institute Exhibition 日本美術院

nitten 日展（にってん）
short for Nihon Bijutsu Tenrankai 日本美術展覧会

bijutsu no aki 美術の秋（びじゅつのあき）
autumn of the fine arts

This is a well-loved expression encompassing all the cultural events in autumn, after the long humid summer is finally over.



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All autumn


AKI
shuui, shuu-i 秋意 しゅうい feeling of autumn
shuushi 秋思 (しゅうし) autumnal melancholy
shuukai 秋懐（しゅうかい）, shuushuu 傷秋（しょうしゅう）
shuuyoo 秋容（しゅうよう）、aki aware 秋あわれ（あきあわれ）
aki sabishi 秋さびし（あきさびし） feeling lonely in autumn
herbstliche Melancholie


山塊にゆく雲しろむ秋思かな
sankai ni yuku kumo shiromu shuushi kana

above the isolated mountains
white clouds are moving -
autumn melancholy

Iida Dakotsu 飯田蛇笏




aki no asobi 秋の遊び（あきのあそび）joys of autumn
shuukyoo 秋興 (しゅうきょう) joy of autumn
der Reiz des Herbstes


akigawaki 秋渇き (あきがわき) dryness in autumn
aki kawaki 秋乾き（あきかわき）

autumn information, Japanese
http://weather.goo.ne.jp/information/10/01.html


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aki no noasobi, no-asobi 秋の野遊び (あきののあそび)
enjoying outdoor life in autumn
aki asobi 秋遊（あきあそび）enjoying autumn outside
aki no yama asobi 秋の山遊（あきのやまあそび）enjoying the mountains in autumn
aki no pikkunikku 秋のピクニック（あきのぴくにっく）picnic in autumn
aki no ensoku 秋の遠足（あきのえんそく） excursion, outing in autumn




mushiuri, mushi-uri 虫売り/ 虫売 / むしうり vendor of insects and more MUSHI kigo
... mushiya 虫屋（むしや）
mushikago 虫籠 (むしかご) box for keeping insects
... mushigo, mushiko むしご、むしこ


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undookai 運動会 (うんどうかい) athletic meeting
shuuki undookai 秋季大運動会（しゅうきだいうんどうかい）sports festival in autumn
tai-iku sai 体育祭（たいいくさい） athletic meet
Usually at schools, where parents and relatives come to enjoy one day of events and lunch together.
Sportfest



yagaku 夜学 (やがく) night school, studying at night
and related KIGO



Night work (yonabe)of a farmer Japan


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Worldwide use


Europa

Autumn Melancholy



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Things found on the way


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HAIKU


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Related words

KIGO LISTS about
autumn and humanity

***** Autumn hunting and fishing

***** Autumn festivals and ceremonies

***** Autumn in the home

***** Food and Drinks in Autumn


MORE
Autumn and Humanity Kigo


. . . Autumn (aki, 秋 ) A season for haiku !


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Autumn farmers work

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Autumn and farmers work

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Autumn
***** Category: Humanity

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Explanation

There is a lot to be done in autumn, harvesting and preparing for winter.

Let us look at some kigo and activities of this haiku season.


LINKS are only to my own entries with more details for you.
Many words are also kigo in other seasons, when they blossom etc. Please check the main ABC index of the world kigo for further reference.


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Early autumn


daikon maku 大根蒔く (だいこんまく)
sowing radish seeds
Radish and its kigo



hachigatsu daimyoo 八月大名 (はちがつだいみょう) "Lord in August"
In the two months of february and august there was not so much field work to do and people used it for marriage celebrations or other ramily rituals, because they had time to travel and meet. Good food was prepared and they enjoyed the "Life of a Lord".
Especially common in Western Japan.



mame hiku 豆引く picking beans soybeans and many others
drying soy beans, daizu hosu 大豆干す


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Mid-autumn



awa karu 粟刈る (あわかる) harvesting foxtail millet
. . . . . awa hiku 粟引く（あわひく）
awa hosu 粟干す（あわほす）drying millet
awa utsu 粟打つ（あわうつ）threshing millet
awa mushiro 粟筵（あわむしろ） straw mat to dry millet
Millet and millet dishes



botan no newake 牡丹の根分 (ぼたんのねわけ)
dividing the roots of peonies (peony)
. . . . . botan no tsugi ki 牡丹の接木（ぼたんのつぎき）grafting peonies
. . . . . shakuyaku no newake 芍薬の根分 (しゃくやくのねわけ) difiding the roots fo herbaceous peonies



goma karu　胡麻刈る cutting sesame plants and more about sesame
goma hosu 胡麻干す（ごまほす）drying sesame plants
goma tataku 胡麻叩く（ごまたたく）"hitting " threshing seseme plants
shingoma 新胡麻（しんごま）new sesame
kurogoma 黒胡麻（くろごま）black sesame
kingoma 金胡麻（きんごま）golden sesame
gomagara 胡麻殻（ごまがら） husks/hulls of the sesame seed




hoonen 豊年 (ほうねん) bountiful harvest
toyo no aki 豊の秋（とよのあき ）bountiful autumn
deki aki 出来秋（できあき）fruits of autumn
豊作（ほうさく）abundant harvest, bumper crop



ito-uri 糸瓜, 蛮瓜,布瓜 sponge gourd and related kigo


kakishibu 柿渋（かきしぶ）"persimmon dye" persimmon tannin
and how to make and use it
Kakitannin


karashi tane maku 芥菜蒔く (からしなまく)
sowing poppy seeds
. . . . . keshi maku 罌粟蒔く (けしまく)
keshi no hana poppy flowers 芥子の花（けしのはな） kigo for earlyl summer


kusabana aki maku 草花秋蒔く (くさばなあきまく)
sowing plants and flowers in autumn


kusadomari 草泊 (くさどまり) staying over night for cutting weeds
. . . . . kusayama 草山（くさやま）
In olden times, farmers went up the volcanic slopes to cut the weeds. It took them a few days so they stayed in mountain huts and shelters during this time. It was also a time for their sons and daughters to mingle freely and all looked forward to it.
Nowadays, with tractors, it is a one-day activiy and lost its former charm.



take kiru 竹伐る (たけきる) cutting bamboo
BAMBOO .. An Asian Plant



watatsumi 綿摘（わたつみ）picking cotton
Many COTTON-related kigo.
momen 木綿（もめん）cotton コットン


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Late autumn


aki mayu, akimayu 秋繭 (あきまゆ) silkworms in autumn


aki osame 秋納め (あきおさめ) "reaping in autumn",
a celebration after the harvest
. . . aki wasure 秋忘（あきわすれ） "forgetting autumn",
aki age 秋揚げ（あきあげ）"ending the autumn work"
aki burumai秋振舞（あきぶるまい）"celebrating in autumn"
tajimai 田仕舞（たじまい） "end of the field season"



genge maku 紫雲英蒔く (げんげまく) sowing milk vetch (clover)
Astragalus sinicus


goboo hiku 牛蒡引く (ごぼうひく) picking burdock
goboo horu 牛蒡掘る（ごぼうほる） digging for burdock



hagi kiru 萩刈る (はぎかる) cutting bushclover (bush clover)
. . . . . hagikari 萩刈（はぎかり）


hishi toru 菱取る (ひしとる) collecting water chestnuts
Trapa japonica
. . . . . hishitori 菱採り（ひしとり）
. . . . . hishi no mi toru 菱の実取る（ひしのみとる）
hishibune 菱舟（ひしぶね）ship to collect water chestnuts
yudebishi 茹菱（ゆでびし） boiled water chestnuts
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



inekari 稲刈 (いねかり) harvesting rice
one of the most important activities of the rice farmers,
drying the rice plants, ine hosu 稲干す
offering for the rice cutting sickle, kama iwai 鎌祝（かまいわい）
threshing rice, ine koki 稲扱き いねこき
and MANY MORE !




kaya karu 萱刈る (かやかる) cutting miscanthus (reeds)
kaya fuku 萱葺く（かやふく）thatching a roof
kaya no nokiba 萱の軒場（かやののきば）shed to store cut miscanthus
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
. . . . . ashi kari 蘆刈 (あしかり) cutting reeds
ashikarime 蘆刈女（あしかりめ）woman cutting reeds
ashikaribune 蘆刈舟（あしかりぶね）boat to cut reeds
. . . ashibune 蘆舟（あしぶね）
ashibi 蘆火 (あしび) burning reed



kurara hiku 苦参引く (くららひく) pulling out kurara (Sophora flavescens)
(a medical plant)
kusa enju horu 草槐掘る（くさえんじゅほる） digging for Sophora flavescens


kusuri horu 薬掘る (くすりほる) "digging for medicine"
kusuri tori 薬採る（くすりとる）collecting medicine
yakusoo horu 薬草掘る（やくそうほる）digging for medicinal plants
akane horu 茜掘る（あかねほる） digging for madder (Rubia cordifolia)

akane 茜草 (あかね) madder, Indian Madder
Rubia cordifolia. common name for girls.
plant kigo for early autumn


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kuwa kukuru 桑括る (くわくくる) binding the mulberries
The branches have to be cut down in autumn when the leaves get brownish, because otherwise the branches will spread in all four directions and the stumps are covered with straw and bound for the winter.


kuzu horu 葛掘る (くずほる) digging for arrowroot
. . . . . kuzune horu 葛根掘る（くずねほる）
. . . . . kuzu hiku 葛引く（くずひく）pulling out arrowroot


kyosaku 凶作 (きょうさく) poor harvest, poor crop
. . . fusaku 不作（ふさく）
kanbatsuden 旱魃田（かんばつでん） dry fields



maki tozasu 牧閉す (まきとざす) "closing down the open grazing land"
umasage, uma sage 馬下げ（うまさげ）getting the horses down
makigaeri 牧帰り（まきがえり） coming home from the grazing land
uma sageru 馬下げる (うまさげる) getting the horses down, is sometimes listed as a kigo for early winter.


matsu teire, matsu te-ire 松手入 (まつていれ) cutting the pine trees
In your garden, usually a hedge to ward off strong wind and decorative pines in the temple gardens. Mostly done by professional gardeners. They climb up high into the trees to cut of old or unwanted branches.



natane maku 菜種蒔く (なたねまく) sowing rapeseed
na no hana 菜の花 rape blossoms kigo for spring



senburi hiku 千振引く (せんぶりひく) pulling Japanese green gentian
(Swertia japonica), amedicinal plant
. . . . . senburi toru 千振採る（せんぶりとる）
tooyaku hiku 当薬引く（とうやくひく）pulling Japanese green gentian
senburi hosu 千振干す（せんぶりほす）drying Japanese green gentian



tanetori 種採 (たねとり) taking seeds
Usually from flowers, they are kept in a sachet and are sown again next year.


tokusa karu 木賊刈る (とくさかる) cutting scouring rush
Equisetum hyemale


tsuru taguri 蔓たぐり (つるたぐり) pulling vines
tsuru kiri 蔓切（つるきり）cutting vines
tsuru hiki 蔓引（つるひき） pulling vines
After the harvest of gourds and beans, the leftover vines in the fields are now pulled out.


yonabe 夜業 (夜なべ) night work at home
... tawara ami 俵網 (たわらあみ) making straw bags
komedawara amu 米俵編む（こめだわらあむ）making straw bags for rice
sumidawara amu 炭俵編む（すみだわらあむ） making straw bags for charcoal


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All autumn


kakashi 案山子 (かがし) scarecrow
bird scarers, tori odoshi 鳥威し, guardian of the fields 田守 (たもり) tamori and more



kinuta 砧 (きぬた) fulling block, washing mallet,
and related kigo



shishigaki 鹿垣 (ししがき) fence against wild boars and other animals
kabiya 鹿火屋 かひや hut for the fire watch
kabiya mori 鹿火屋守（かひやもり）guardian of the fire watch hut



shinginu 新絹 (しんぎぬ) new silk
silk of this year, kotoshi ginu 今年絹（ことしぎぬ）
new loom, shinhata 新機（しんはた）



shuukoo 秋耕 (しゅうこう )plowing the fields in autumn



soozu 添水 そうず "animal chaser"
. . . soozu 僧都（そうず）、bottanko ばったんこ、botta ばった、
yamada no suuzu 山田の僧都（やまどのそうず） "animal chaser in the mountains and in the fields"
. . . . . karausu, kara-usu 唐臼（からうす）"mortar"
usagi tsuzumi 兎鼓（うさぎつづみ） "rabbit drum" (an expression used in Kyushu)
A kind of bamboo pole that fills with water and drops down with a sound that scares away the animals.
Shishiodoshi, shishi odoshi 鹿威し the deer scarer


.......................................................................


Tobacco plant / Tabakpflanze
Nicotiana tabacum

The tobacco plant was introduced by Portuguese sailors around 1542.

waka tabako 若煙草 (わかたばこ, ワカタバコ) "young tobacco"
shin tabako 新煙草（しんたばこ） new tobacco
kotoshi tabako 今年煙草（ことしたばこ）tobaco from this year
tabako hosu 煙草干す（たばこほす）drying tobacco
kake tabako 懸煙草（かけたばこ）hanging tobacco leaves to dry
nawa tabako 縄煙草（なわたばこ） tobacco bound in a rope
kigo for all autumn


tabako no hana 煙草の花 (たばこのはな) tabacco flower
. . . . . hanatabako 花煙草（はなたばこ）
kigo for early autumn
. . . CLICK here for Photos !


iwa tabako, iwatabako 岩煙草 (いわたばこ) "cliff tobacco"
. . . . . iwana, iwajisha いわな、いわぢしゃ
Conandron ramondioides
kigo for late summer
. . . CLICK here for Photos !

..................................


kigo for mid-autumn

omoigusa 思草 (おもいぐさ) "remembering plant"
..... nanbangiseru, nanban kiseru 南蛮煙管（なんばんぎせる）
"pipe of Southern Babarians"
..... kiserugusa, kiseru kusa きせる草（きせるぐさ）
Aeginetia indica


kiseru 煙管 traditional Japanese pipe
tobacco pouch 刻み煙草入れ
rauya, raoya　羅宇屋　repairman of tobacco pipes


.......................................................................


yasai no aki tanemaki 野菜の秋蒔き (やさいのあきまき)
sowing seeds of vegetables in autumn
. . . . . akimaki yasai 秋蒔野菜（あきまきやさい）
kabu maku 蕪蒔く（かぶまく）sowing turnips
goboo maku 牛蒡蒔く（ごぼうまく）sowing burdock
soramame uu 蚕豆植う（そらまめうう）planting fava beans



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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU


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*****************************
Related words

KIGO LISTS about
autumn and humanity

***** Autumn hunting and fishing

***** Autumn festivals and ceremonies

***** Autumn in the home

***** Autumn games, entertainment, school

***** Food and Drinks in Autumn


MORE
Autumn and Humanity Kigo



. . . Autumn (aki, 秋) A season for haiku !


. Farmers work in all seasons 　


. Planting, harvesting and preparing food in SPRING kigo 　


***** sumidawara 炭俵 (すみだわら) sack for wrapping charcoal
kigo for all winter

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[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]

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Autumn hunting fishing

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]
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Autumn hunting and fishing

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Autumn
***** Category: Humanity

*****************************
Explanation

Autumn is a time for hunting and fishing!

Here is a list of the kigo related to these activities.
The name of game and fish are usually also kigo.



fishing at night
Arai Yoshimune (1873-1945)

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Early autumn


　aki no ukai 秋の鵜飼 (あきのうかい)
cormorant fishing in autumn



hatobue 鳩笛 cooing like a pigeon



takauchi 鷹打 (たかうち)
catching falcons for taming
takauchidokoro 初秋 鷹打所（たかうちどころ）place for taming falcons
takaami, taka-ami 鷹網（たかあみ）net for catching falcons
machiamigake 待網掛（まちあがけ）putting up a net
aradaka 荒鷹（あらたか） "wild falcon"

kotakagari 小鷹狩 (こたかがり) hunting with small falcons
hatsu takagari 初鷹狩（はつたかがり）first hunt with falcons
. . . hatsu togari 初鳥狩（はつとがり）
hatsutaka 初鷹（はつたか）"first falcon"
hatsu takano 初鷹野（はつたかの）"first falcon in the fields"
kotakano 小鷹野（こたかの）field with small falcons



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Mid-autumn


shikabue 鹿笛 deer flute / deer call
shikagari 鹿狩（しかがり) deer hunt, deer hunting




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Late autumn


ajiro uchi 網代打 (あじろうち) preparing wickerwork fishtraps
ajirogi utsu 網代木打つ（あじろぎうつ）
They are used for winter fishing, see WINTER HUMANITY kigo.




hatsuryoo 初猟 (はつりょう) first hunting
juuroo hajimaru 銃猟はじまる（じゅうりょうはじまる）hunting with guns begins
juuryooki ni hairu 銃猟期に入る（じゅうりょうきのはいる）hunting season begins
ryookaikin 猟開禁（りょうかいきん） end of no-hunting season



iwashi hiku 鰯引く (いわしひく) catching sardines
iwashi ami 鰯網（いわしあみ）net for sardines
koiwashi hiku 小鰯引く（こいわしひく） catching small sardines



kotorigari 小鳥狩 (ことりがり) hunting for small birds
kotori ami 小鳥網（ことりあみ）net for catching small birds
kasumiami, kasumi-ami 霞網（かすみあみ）net for catching birds
toriya 鳥屋（とや）bird hunter
. . . toriyashi 鳥屋師（とやし）
toyaba 鳥屋場（とやば） place for bird hunting



kuzureyana 崩れ簗 (くずれやな) broken weir fish trap
Usually one from last year, that has been left to stand in the river.



nezuri 根釣 (ねづり) fishing on the ground (in the tree roots)
. . . neuozuri 根魚釣（ねうおづり）
neuo 根魚（ねうお）fish hidden in roots
kishizuri 岸釣（きしづり） fishing close to the shore



otori 囮 (おとり) decoy
otori ban 囮番（おとりばん）keeper of the decoys
. . . otori mori 囮守（おとりもり）decoy watchman
otorikago 囮籠（おとりかご） box with a decoy



sakeuchi 鮭打 (さけうち) trap for salmon
sakeami, sake-ami 鮭網（さけあみ）net for catching salmon
sakeyana 鮭簗（さけやな） weir fishtrap for salmon
sakegoya 鮭小屋（さけごや）hut for the salmon fishemen
. . . sake banya 鮭番屋（さけばんや）




. sanma ami 秋刀魚網（さんまあみ）net for fishing saury 　　




takahago 高擌 (たかはご) contraption to catch birds
. . . takahago 高羽籠（たかはご）
. . . takanawa 、高縄（たかなわ）、takahaga 高はが（たかはが）、zukubiki 木莵引（ずくひき）
a kind of net on a long pole, under which decoys are placed.



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All autumn


hazetsuri 鯊釣 (はぜつり) fishing for goby
hazebune 鯊舟（はぜぶね）boat for fishing goby
haze no sao 鯊の竿（はぜのさお） fishing pole for goby
nice weather for haze fishing, haze-biyori 鯊日和




ika hosu 烏賊干す (いかほす) hanging squid to dry
ika busuma 烏賊襖（いかぶすま）drying squid
ika arai 烏賊洗（いかあらい）cleaning squid
ikasaki 烏賊裂（いかさき）cutting squid
shioika, shio-ika 塩烏賊（しおいか） squid in salt




. ina tsuri いな釣（いなつり）fishing for ina 　
boratsuri 鯔釣（ぼらつり）fishing for bora, gray mullet
Mugil cephalus





. suzukitsuri, suzuki tsuri 鱸釣（すずきつり）
fishing for sea bass 　
suzukiami, suzuki ami 鱸網（すずきあみ）net for fishing suzuki






kudariyana 下り簗 (くだりやな) weir fish trap
for fish coming back downstream after laying their eggs upstream.
Usually spread over the width of a river.






. fishing with dragonflies, tonbo tsuri
蜻蛉釣（とんぼつり） 　　



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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU




行く秋のところどころや下り梁
yuku aki no tokorodokoro ya kudariyana

while autumn is passing
here and there -
downstream fish weirs

The cut marker YA is at the end of line 2.

Written in 1768.

- - - - - - - - - -

悲しさや 釣の糸ふく 秋の風
kanashisa ya tsuri no ito fuku aki no kaze

quote
Sadness;
The fishing line trembles
In the autumn wind.

This does not mean he is sad, and then sees the line trembling in the wind; it means that seeing the line trembling in the wind of autumn is in itself sadness — the seeing is the feeling. That is because of all the layers of association it evokes — the withering of things, the ending of things, the certainty of mortality, and yet none of these things are mentioned in the verse, and mentioning them goes too far in explaining it.
That is the suggestiveness of hokku.
Tr. and comment by David Coomler


Ah, grief and sadness !
The fishing-line trembles
In the autumn breeze.
Tr. Blyth


sadness -
a fishing-line blows
in the autumn wind
Tr. Haldane


A sorrow --
Curving a fishing line
The autumn wind.
Tr. Nelson/Saito


While feeling sad --
a fishing line being blown
by the autumn wind.
Tr. Sawa/ Shiffert


Written in 1773.
. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .


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初猟の老いたる犬に火を熾す　
hatsuryoo no oitaru inu ni hi o okosu

first hunting -
I make a warming fire
for my old dog

Haruka　遥
Tr. Gabi Greve


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寝ころんでチェーホフを読む囮守
nekoronde cheehofu o yomu otori mori

lying down
and reading Chekov -
the decoy watchman

Mizuno Kison 水野季村


*****************************
Related words

KIGO LISTS about - autumn and humanity

***** Autumn hunting and fishing

***** Autumn festivals and ceremonies

***** Autumn in the home

***** Autumn games, entertainment, school

***** Food and Drinks in Autumn


. . . Autumn (aki, 秋 ) A season for haiku !


. HUNTING in WINTER 　

. Fishing　(釣り tsuri) and related kigo .

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Autumn in the home

[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO TOP . ]
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Autumn in the home

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Autumn
***** Category: Humanity

*****************************
Explanation

The haiku autumn starts on August 8. Some preparations are made in the home to live comfortably through this season.

Also the O-Bon festival has many kigo related to the preparations at home.





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Early autumn


aki oogi 秋扇 (あきおうぎ ) folding handfan in autumn
. . . shuusen 秋扇（しゅうせん）
oogi oku 扇置く（おうぎおく） putting down the folding fan
suteoogi, sute-oogi 捨扇（すておうぎ） thrown-away folding fan
wasureoogi, wasure-oogi、忘れ扇（わすれおうぎ） forgotten folding fan
We can express our feeling of loneliness and melancoly through this simple tool, which was so useful in summer, expecially in times with no air conditioning.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



母の役すみしと思ふ秋扇
haha no yaku sumishi to omou aki ogi

my role as a mother
has finally ended -
folding fan in autumn

Honda Fudeko 本多ふで子



WKD - Folding Fan (oogi) Japan


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Mid-autumn




akiawase, aki awase 秋袷 (あきあわせ)
lined kimono for autumn
. . . aki no awase 秋の袷（あきのあわせ）
. . . nochi no awase
後の袷（のちのあわせ）








aki sudare 秋簾 (あきすだれ) blinds in autumn
. . . akisu 秋簾（あきす）
sudare no nagori 簾の名残（すだれのなごり）end of the season of the blinds
sudare hazusu 簾外す（すだれはずす）taking off the blinds
sudare osamu 簾納む（すだれおさむ）packing away the blinds
sudare no wakare 簾の別れ（すだれのわかれ）good by to the blinds

Details are HERE
Blinds, summer curtains (sudare)Japan




gyoosui nagori 行水名残 (ぎょうずいなごり)
end of the season of the washtub
. . . gyoosui no hate 行水の果（ぎょうずいのはて）
In summer you could poor cold water in a tub and wash the sweat off. Now with the cooler days coming, it is better to heat the bathtub (ofuro) again and the washtubs are put away.





shooji arau 障子洗う (しょうじあらう )
to wash the sliding doors
shooji haru 障子貼る (しょうじはる) to paste (new paper) to the sliding doors, repair the sliding doors
shooji no harikae 障子の貼替（しょうじのはりかえ） new paper for the sliding doors

shooji fusuma o ireru 障子襖を入れる (しょうじふすまをいれる)
to put in sliding doors between the tatami rooms
shooji ireru 障子入るる（しょうじいるる）
fusuma ireru 襖入るる（ふすまいるる）
During summer, the sliding doors have been removed to make a path for more air.
Sliding doors (shooji)and fusuma in Japan




takamushiro nagori 簟名残 (たかむしろなごり)
end of the season for patterned floor mats
takamushiro no wakare 簟の別れ（たかむしろのわかれ）
Floor mats and tatami in the Japanese home KIGO




tooroo 燈籠 (とうろう) lanterns for O-Bon




yoshido shimau 葭戸蔵う (よしどしまう)
put away the reed doors
. . . 簀戸蔵う（すどしまう）
These reed doors are put in in summer to let more air come into the rooms and have some cool shade. They are part of the Edo culture to survive the humit Japanese summers.


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Late autumn


fuuro 風炉の名残 (ふろのなごり)
end of the season of the fuuro, summer hearth for the tea ceremony
. . . fuuro nagori 風炉名残（ふろなごり）
nagori no cha 名残の茶（なごりのちゃ）
nagorizuki 名残月（なごりづき） farewell-moon
Tea Ceremony Saijiki 茶道の歳時記　


- - - - - tsuki no nagori 月の名残り farewell-moon

橋桁の忍は月の名残り哉　
hashigeta no shinobu wa tsuki no nagori kana

. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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fuyujitaku 冬仕度 (ふゆじたく) preparations for winter
. . . fuyu yooi 冬用意（ふゆようい）
yuki jitaku 雪支度（ゆきじたく） preparations for snow




hi koishi 火恋し (ひこいし) longing for a warm fire
sumibi koishi 炭火恋し（すみびこいし） longing for a charcoal fire
robi koishi 炉火恋し（ろびこいし）longing for the hearth fire
hibachi hoshi 火鉢欲し（ひばちほし）to want a handwarmer
kotatsu hoshi 炬燵欲し（こたつほし） to want a kotatsu
aki no ro 秋の炉 (あきのろ) hearth in autumn
. . . shuuro 秋炉（しゅうろ）
Now is the time to get out the warming tools! and get the hearth fire going again.
Heating in winter, KIGO list





kiku makura 菊枕 (きくまくら) "chrysanthemum pillow"
. . . kikuchin, kiku chin 菊枕（きくちん）
. . . kiku no makura 菊の枕（きくのまくら）
Petals of the chrysanthemums are dryed and stuffed into the pillow to enjoy the faint smell and drive away evil influence.
Dew from chrysanthemum petals is sipped to gain long life.
These customs are from China and belong to the chrysanthemum festival on the ninth day of the ninth month, the double nine (according to the Asian lunar calendar).

kiku gasane 菊襲 (きくがさね) chrysanthemum kimono

Details are here
Chrysanthemum kiku, chiyomigusa (Japan)





momijigoromo 紅葉衣 (もみじごろも)
kimono for viewing the red autumn leaves
. . . momijigasane 紅葉重（もみじがさね）
. Autumn Leaves (momiji, Japan) yellow leaves, colored leaves


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All autumn

aki no fuku 秋の服 (あきのふく)
cloths worn in autumn


aki no hi 秋の燈 (あきのひ) lamplight in autumn
. . . shuutoo 秋燈（しゅうとう）
tooka no aki 燈火の秋（とうかのあき） autumn with lamplight
tooka shitashimu 燈火親しむ（とうかしたしむ）to enjoy the lamplight in autumn
Contrary to spring, this lamplight is used for reading and studying. It has a cosy feeling of the family united in one room.




aki no kaya 秋の蚊帳 (あきのかや)
mosquito net in autumn
kaya no hate 蚊帳の果（かやのはて）the last days of the season of the mosquito net
..... kaya no nagori 蚊帳の名残（かやのなごり）
kaya no wakare 蚊帳の別れ（かやのわかれ）good bye to the mosquito net
kugatsu kaya 九月蚊帳（くがつがや） mosquito net in September
Different from the mosquito net in summer, it is now cooler under its protective covers and cool night air is in the room. The warm season will now soon be over.



aki no yado 秋の宿 (あきのやど)
home in autumn, (my) house in autumn, a lodging in autumn
aki no an 秋の庵（あきのいお）my retreat in autumn
aki no to 秋の戸（あきのと） my home in autumn
These kigo convey a feeling of loneliness and solitude.




aki uchiwa 秋団扇 (あきうちわ) handfan in autumn
uchiwa oku 団扇置く（うちわおく）putting down the handfan
suteuchiwa, sute-uchiwa捨団扇（すてうちわ）thrown-away handfan
wasureuchiwa, wasure-uchiwa 忘れ団扇（わすれうちわ）forgotten handfan
Handfan (uchiwa)




yagaku 夜学 (やがく) night school, studying at night
. . . yagakkoo 夜学校（やがっこう) night school
. . . yakan gakkoo 夜間学校（やかんがっこう）
yagakushi 夜学子（やがくし）night-school student
. . . yagakusei 夜学生（やがくせい）child studying at night
yonarai 夜習（よならい） studying at night, in the evening

Night work (yonabe)of a farmer Japan


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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


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HAIKU


秋の宿淋しきながら柱有
aki no yado sabishiki nagara hashira ari

my home in autumn -
it is quite lonely but
it has pillars

Matsuse Seisei 松瀬青々
(1869 - 1937)
Tr. Gabi Greve





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出雲から紙来て障子あらたまる
Izumo kara kami kite shooji aratamaru

from Izumo
paper came and we renew
the sliding doors

Ameyama Minoru 飴山實

The strong washi paper from Izumo was especially liked for shoji.


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Related words


***** Kimono, Traditional Japanese Robes a KIGO list

***** Bon Festival (o-bon)


KIGO LISTS about
autumn and humanity

***** Autumn hunting and fishing

***** Autumn festivals and ceremonies

***** Autumn in the home

***** Autumn games, entertainment, school

***** Food and Drinks in Autumn


MORE
Autumn and Humanity Kigo


. . . Autumn (aki, 秋 ) A season for haiku !

Wakare - Parting with friends
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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Cotton (wata)

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Cotton (wata)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: Various, see below.
***** Category: Plant, Humanity

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Explanation

Since the early Edo period, cotton was produced mainly in the Kinnai area 畿内 and Kawachi 河内国 region and many merchants lived in nearby Osaka.
The seeds are sown in May and the picking starts after the O-Bon holidays in August.
The fields were located in the watery rice paddies on elevated earth, called handen 半田（はんでん）」or shimabata「嶋畑（しまばた）.


cotton picking in the Edo period

source : 河内木綿の部屋
with more photos from the Cotton Museum of Kawachi !


- quote
Kawachi Province (河内国, Kawachi no kuni) was a province of Japan in the eastern part of modern Osaka Prefecture. It originally held the southwestern area that was split off into Izumi Province. It was also known as Kashū (河州).
Kawachi cotton was popular from the early Edo period until before World War II; it was Kawachi's top industry.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !


wata refers to the cotton plant with more than 40 sub-species.
Gossypium spp.

momen, momenwata 木綿（もめん）
is another word for cotton コットン.

Cotton is a soft, staple fiber that grows in a form known as a boll around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Americas, India and Africa.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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wata 綿 floss silk
mawata 真綿 - silk floss 繭からつくった綿 -
Seidenwatte, Florettseide
flox-silk, flosh-silk.
also silk batting or wadding

- source : OED -

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The oil from cotton seed is used for cooking.
menjitsuyu 綿実油 cotton seed oil


Some kigo concern its harvesting and production, others things made ouf of cotton.
They come in various seasons.

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kigo for early summer

watanuki 綿抜（わたぬき, 綿抜き）
"take the cotton padding out"
On April first (lunar Calendar), the robes and lined kimono (awase) changed from warm winter to light summer garments.
wata o nuku, this is the original of the family name Watanuki.


mid-summer

shin mawata 新真綿 (しんまわた) new silk floss
mawata tori 真綿取り（まわたとり） picking silk floss
Seidenwatte, Florettseide


. wata maki 棉蒔 (わたまき) sowing of cotton seeds



late summer


wata no hana 棉の花 (わたのはな)
flowers of the cotton plant
. . . 綿の花（わたのはな）



watasuge 綿菅 (わたすげ) "cotton sedge"
Hare's-tail Cottongrass, Tussock Cottongrass,
Sheathed Cottonsedge
Eriophorum vaginatum. Scheiden-Wollgras
. . . CLICK here for Photos !



all summer

chijimi momen 縮木綿（ちぢみもめん）cotton crepe


momengaya 木綿蚊帳（もめんがや）
mosquito net made from cotton thread


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mid-autumn

wata 棉 (わた) cotton (the plant)
wata no momo 棉の桃（わたのもも） "peach of the cotton" the fluffy cotton bolls
momo fuku 桃吹く（ももふく）cotton bolls blowing
..... wata fuku 棉吹く（わたふく）



wata tori 綿取 (わたとり) harvesting cotton
watatsumi 綿摘（わたつみ）picking cotton



watayumi 綿弓（わたゆみ）cotton bow
wata uchi yumi 綿打弓（わたうちゆみ）bow to hit the cotton
To disentangle old cotton padding. Made of bamboo. The bowstring makes a nostalgic low sound, almost like a melody. See the haiku by Basho below.
This old custom of "hitting cotton" is still alive in India and many other countries and I remember this sound very well.


source : edoichiba.jp.menuchi...
menuchi, men uchi shokunin 綿打職人 craftsmen hitting cotton

. Edo craftsmen　江戸の職人 .



wata hosu 綿干す（わたほす）drying cotton
wata kuri 綿繰り（わたくり）turning cotton

wata kai 綿買（わたかい） buyer of cotton, cotton merchant



kigo for late autumn
shin wata 新綿 (しんわた) new cotton
. . . nii-wata 新綿（にいわた）
kotoshi wata 今年綿（ことしわた） cotton of this year





kiku no kisewata 菊の着綿 (きくのきせわた)
"chrysanthemum cotton garment"
"Chrysanthemum Covers"
kiku no wata 菊の綿（きくのわた）
. . . kiku no somewata 菊の染綿（きくのそめわた）
On the 8th of September (one day before the nineth Chrysanthemum festival) cotton silk floss covers were placed outside over the chrysanthemums to catch the evening dew. On the morning of the 9th, these garments were used to wrap the body of court ladies, a custom since the Heian Period. This was said to ward off evil and lead to a healthy ripe old age.
After this day, summer cotton garments were put away and the winter garments came into use.

Chrysanthemum (kiku)


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All winter


wata-irebaori 綿入羽織（わたいればおり）
haori half-coat with cotton padding


wata 綿 (わた) cotton (garment)
momenwata 木綿わた（もめんわた）, kiwata木綿（きわた）、panya パンヤ、

mawata 真綿（まわた）silk floss
... kinuwata 絹綿（きぬわた）

wata-ire 綿入 (わたいれ) (garment with) cotton padding
kosode 小袖（こそで）、nunoko 布子（ぬのこ）



watago 綿子（わたこ）"cotton child" warm undergarment
oimawata 負真綿 おいまわた "cotton garment to keep the back warm"




watabooshi 綿帽子 (わたぼうし) headdress of floss silk
. . . kazukiwata 被綿（かずきわた）
It used to be a cap to protect a woman from the cold in winter. Usually worn for a wedding now.


MORE
Winter garments to keep you warm !


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New Year

kazashi no wata 插頭綿（かざしのわた）
cotton flowers for a ritual court dance
Tooka no sechi e 踏歌節会 Imperial Court Ceremony


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. Momen Kaido 木綿街道 The Cotton Road 　
Hirata-cho, Izumo　出雲市平田町, Shimane prefecture


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Worldwide use

Georgia (USA)
kigo for winter

white christmas
along the road home
drifts of cotton

Judith Gorgone
WKD Facebook, November 2009


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Yemen

Cotton plants blossom in Yemen in the coastal plains; from summer to early autumn.
I thought it's only autumn, using the stored rain water for planting and growing.
The blossoms change their color in two days from white to pink in red/purple.

autumn kigo: cotton harvest, cotton bolls

cotton blossoms -
white when I arrived
red when I left

Heike Gewi
YEMEN SAIJIKI


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Things found on the way

Daruma Wata だるまわた　shop sign
Darumax company in Fukuoka prefecture
They make bedding out of cotton.



http://www.darmax.co.jp/
株式会社ダルマックス in Daruma Museum


Otafuku Cotton and a Daruma shop sign

At the train station of Ohi Honsen, Kumamoto
JR豊肥本線(ほうひ ほんせん


Daruma cotton wool ダルマ. 綿しつけ糸



Tenugui 手ぬぐい　Small Cotton Towels
With Daruma San as pattern



YUKATA : light summer garment
With Daruma San as pattern



Furoshiki　風呂敷　Cotton Wrapper Cloth


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. kazukewata, kazuke wata 被綿（かずけわた）
"covering cotton" .

During the ceremony
butsumyooe 仏名会 (ぶつみょうえ) Chanting of the Buddhas' Names
The priests clad themselves in white cotton robes to express a pure heart.


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Matsuzaka momen 松坂木綿 cotton from Matsuzaka
(the Ise Shrine was nearby)
Dealers transporting it to Edo made a fortune.

- quote -
Japanese Indigo dyeing "MATSUSAKA MOMEN" 松阪もめん
In the latter half of the fifth century weaving technologies called "AYAHATORI" 漢織 aya-hataori and "KUREHATORI"呉織 kure-hataori were developed in the present day city of Matsusaka. Matsusaka became a very important centre in Japan for fabric production due to the introduction of these new technologies.
In the year 698 textiles produced in Matsusaka were commissioned as regular offerings to the God Amaterasu at Ise Shrine. When Cotton originally from Egypt and India found its way to Japan in the 15th century, it became immediately popular among the public in Japan. It was found that conditions in Matsusaka were very good for production of this new material. This new material and the weaving technologies already in place in Matsusaka led to the birth of "Matsusaka momen" in the early 16th century. The artistic taste of the women producing this new cloth coupled with the skill of Merchants from Matsusaka led to annual sales in stores in Tokyo of 500,000 units equivalent to half of the population of Edo.



The distinctive stripped pattern of Matsusaka momen which also became know as "Matsusaka jima" 松阪縞 found its roots in a cloth called "RYUJOUFU" 柳条布 originally from Vietnam. Ryujoufu as the name literally suggests resembles the strong thin pattern of the veins running through the willow tree leaves.
The thin striped patterns called "SENSUJI" 千筋 and "MANSUJI" 万筋 became the traditional patterns for Matsusaka momen. Even in present day when Kabuki actors wear a stripped kimono they refer to it as wearing a Matsusaka.
Such is the powerful association between Matsusaka momen and the stripe. "IKI" a concept held in great regard by people in Edo was a way of life in which they acted and appeared sophisticated, educated but cool without looking gaudy and outlandish.
Matsusaka momen stripes when viewed from a distance appearing almost invisible but their delicacy and beauty appearing only when view close to, fit in perfectly with the IKI concept. So the people of Edo became to regard Matsusaka momen as a symbol of IKI. The changes in the cloths color due to washing only adding to its IKI value. The manufacturing process of Matsusaka momen is now regarded as a national treasure. Old people often say cotton is something they can’t live without even for one day, it is such a powerful spiritual asset.
- source : marukawashoooten.com -

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. Doing Business in Edo　- 江戸の商売 .


source : 1000ya.isis.ne.jp

takani momen uri 高荷木綿売り selling cotton
cotton cloth seller
He had the rolls of cloth piled up high for the customers to see it easily and make their choice. By putting up different patterns every day before walking the streets of Edo, the vendors could choose their customers.

Image by 松野霞城 Kajo Matsuno Kajo
- reference source : tobunken.go.jp/materials -


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wata-ame わたあめ / 綿あめ / 綿飴 cotton candy
Zuckerwatte


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HAIKU

- - - - - Matsuo Basho - - - - -

綿弓や琵琶になぐさむ竹の奥
わたゆみやびわになぐさむたけのおく
wata yumi ya biwa ni nagusamu take no oku
watayumi

this cotton bow -
comforting like a biwa lute
deep in the bamboo (grove)

Matsuo Basho
Tr. Gabi Greve

from Nozarashi kiko (Records of the Weather-Exposed Skeleton)
Katsuragi, Nara 奈良葛城.

One year later, he visited here again for the New Year and wrote
. shoshun mazu sake ni ume uru nioi kana .


MORE - biwa lute hokku by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


quote
"Entering the country of Yamato, we came to a place called Amid the Bamboo Groves (Take no uchi) at the province of Katsuge. Because this was my company Chiri’s birthplace, we spent several days there resting our feet. There was a house deep amid the bamboo groves.

The sounds of the cotton bow
are comforting like lute
deep in the bamboo groves."

The comparison of the sounds of the cotton bow to music reminds us of the poem on the rice-planting song, in which listening to the song is described as fûryû. Although the poet does not say so explicitly, the theme of this poem is also one of fûryû. The connection between this verse and the fengliu tradition is made more apparent in another piece of short prose that introduces the circumstance of the poem.

"AMID BAMBOO GROVES
When I was staying at a place called Take no uchi—Amid the Bamboo Groves—in Yamato, the village chief often came to see me in the mornings and evenings, I assume to comfort me in the tedium of my travels. This gentleman is truly unusual. His mind wanders freely in the high while his body mingles with such common people as grass mowers, woodcutters, and hunters. Carrying a hoe, he enters the garden of Tao Qian; leading an ox, he identifies himself with the recluse at Mount Ji. He is diligent and tireless at his duties, and he also appears humble, taking pleasure in poverty. This village chief must be the kind of man who seeks retreat amid a city and really attains it.

The sounds of the cotton bow
are comforting like lute
deep in the bamboo groves."

Although the village chief is not a recluse in the strict meaning of the word, this does not stop Bashô from linking him to Tao Qian and other famous Chinese recluses, nor from praising him for the detachment of his mind. Mount Ji, a mountain in modern China’s Henan province, is known as the place where the famous recluses Xu You and Cao Fu lived.

As we have seen, the Zhuangzi describes Xu as a lofty recluse who valued individual freedom more than power and wealth. Without proper knowledge of the spirit of xiaoyaoyou and its embodiment in the Chinese recluse tradition, the meaning of Bashô’s narrative in the account is difficult to understand. However, Bashô and his disciples seem to have seen Daoist ideals and the recluse taste within one aesthetic tradition.

In their vocabulary, “recluse” represents sheer poetic qualities, and to discover these qualities and compose poems on them are acts of fûryû　風流 FURYU. In this meaning, Bashô’s short haibun above is more an assertion of the poetics of fûryû than a depiction of the village chief.

source : Basho-and-the-Dao - Peipei-Qiu


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初霜や菊冷え初むる腰の綿
hatsu shimo ya kiku hie somuru koshi no wata

this first frost
makes the chrysanthemumss freeze -
a cotten wrapper around my hip
Tr. Gabi Greve


Written in late autumn of 1692 元禄5年晩秋
Collection Araoda 荒小田

This hokku has the cut marker YA at the end of line 1, but lines 1 and 2 belong together.

Basho stayed with Boncho and his wife Ukoo 羽紅, who prepared the warm garment for him.
He is making a bit of fun of himself for getting older.

koshiwata 腰綿 a warm cotten wrapper / blanket for the lower parts of the body to keep warm in winter. Well-loved by elderly men in the Edo period.

Sometime a kind of cover was also put over the chrysanthemum flowers (kisewata 着せ綿) to protect them from early frost.


. Nozawa Boncho 野沢凡兆 and Uko 羽紅 .


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名月の花かと見えて綿畠
meigetsu no hana ka to miete watabatake

the full moon
looks almost like a blossom -
this cotton field
Tr. Gabi Greve


looking as though
the harvest moon had blossomed,
cotton field
Tr. Makoto Ueda


in the bright moonlight what appeared
like flowers is a cotton field
source : Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan


. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .


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河内女の宿に居ぬ日やきじの声
Kawachi-me no yado ni inu hi ya kiji no koe

the Kawachi weaver girls
are not at home -
voice of the pheasants
Tr. Gabi Greve

Kawachime refers to the girls who had to weave cotton, since the Kawachi-plain 河内平野 (now Osaka plain) was famous for cotton plants.


. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 in Edo .


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綿採りの唄声ありと思ふのみ
watatori no utagoe ari to omou nomi

the song
of the cotton pickers -
this is all there is

Nakamura Teijo 中村汀女
(1900 - 1988)

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新綿や駱駝連ねて運ぶとは
niiwata ya rakuda tsurarete hakobu to wa


Nomura Kishuu 野村喜舟
(1886 - 1983)

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卯の花に布子の膝の光哉
u no hana ni nunoko no hiza no hikari kana

the deuzia blossoms
light up the quilt
on my knees

Kobayashi Issa, 1821


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Related words

***** Cotton fly (watamushi) Japan
Snow fly (yukimushi), snow firefly (yuki hotaru, yukibotaru)


***** Silk (kinu). Many related kigo. and Mulberry (kuwa)


***** watayuki 綿雪（わたゆき) "cotton snow"
kigo for all spring
SNOW (yuki) and related kigo

***** watagoori 綿氷（わたごおり)"cotton ice"
kigo for late winter
ICE (koori) and related kigo



　Autumn and farmers work



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